Table 4 Cox proportional hazard model of determinants of childhood mortality in Nigeria

 Inadequate

1.46 (1.24–1.71)^a

1.36 (1.16–1.60)^a

1.25 (1.05–1.49)^b

1.03 (0.82–1.27)

 Moderate

1.23 (1.02–1.47)^a

1.20 (1.03–1.44)^b

1.14 (0.94–1.37)

0.94 (0.74–1.18)

 Adequate

1

1

1

1

 Male

1

1

1

 Female

0.82 (0.72–0.92)^a

0.82 (0.72–0.92)^a

0.80 (0.69–0.92)^b

 Small

1

1

1

 Average

0.76 (0.64–0.89)^a

0.76 (0.64–0.90)^a

0.81 (0.66–0.98)^c

 Larger than average

0.69 (0.52–0.81)^a

0.70 (0.59–0.83)^a

0.77 (0.63–0.93)^b

 None

1.11 (0.87–1.40)

1.07 (0.81–1.40)

 Unskilled

1.78 (1.06–2.98)^b

1.95 (0.99–3.82)

 Semi-skilled

1.23 (0.97–1.57)

1.28 (0.97–1.69)

 Skilled

1

1

 None

1.14 (0.79–1.66)

0.93 (0.58–1.48)

 Unskilled

1.17 (0.83–1.65)

0.96 (0.62–1.48)

 Semi-skilled

1.14 (0.83–1.57)

0.83 (0.55–1.23)

 Skilled

1

1

 None

1.05 (0.86–1.29)

1.04 (0.82–1.32)

 At least one

1

1

 None

1.01 (0.32–1.35)

1.02 (0.31–1.39)

 1–3

1.05 (0.86–1.28)

1.05 (0.83–1.32)

 4+

1

1

 Improved

1

1

1

1

 Unimproved

1.04 (0.92–1.19)

1.05 (0.92–1.20)

1.04 (0.91–1.19)

1.14 (0.97–1.33)

 1st

1

1

1

 2–3

3.80 (1.94–7.42)^a

3.80 (1.94–7.42)^a

3.61 (1.46–8.88)^b

 4–5

4.44 (2.21–8.89)^a

4.44 (2.21–8.89)^a

3.80 (1.49–9.68)^b

 6+

6.47 (3.24–12.91)^a

6.47 (3.24–12.91)^a

4.93 (1.92–12.60)^b

 Clean

1

1

1

1

 Biomass

1.31 (1.06–1.62)^a

1.22 (0.99–1.51)^b

1.16 (0.94–1.44)

0.81 (0.56–1.18)

 Home

1

1

 Others

0.94 (0.68–1.29)

0.71 (0.09–5.11)

 Health facility

0.47 (0.65–3.44)

1.11 (0.74–1.66)

 15–24

1

 25–29

0.97 (0.76–1.22)

 30–34

0.95 (0.71–1.26)

 35–39

1.20 (0.89–1.62)

 Improved

1

1

1

1

 Unimproved

1.05 (0.93–1.20)

1.04 (0.92–1.19)

1.02 (0.90–1.17)

1.02 (0.88–1.18)

 North Central

1.13 (0.69–1.84)

 North East

1.57 (0.96–2.55)

 North West

1.85 (1.11–3.05)^c

 South East

2.54 (0.87–7.37)

 South South

1.29 (0.77–2.13)

 South West

1

 7–23

1

1

1

 24–35

0.81 (0.68–0.96)^b

0.81 (0.68–0.97)^b

0.82 (0.67–0.99)^c

 36–59

0.64 (0.53–0.77)^a

0.65 (0.53–0.78)^a

0.64 (0.51–0.79)^a

 60+

0.69 (0.53–0.89)^a

0.70 (0.54–0.90)

0.57 (0.41–0.79)^b

 1st birth

4.39 (2.23–8.63)^a

4.56 (2.31–8.99)^a

3.91 (1.57–9.70)^b

 Urban

1

 Rural

1.23 (0.87–2.54)

 None

1.73 (0.85–3.52)

 Primary

1.94 (0.96–3.89)

 Secondary

1.51 (0.76–2.96)

 Tertiary

1

 Hausa/Fulani

0.99 (0.79–1.25)

 Igbo

0.69 (0.26–1.79)

 Yoruba

0.82 (0.46–1.45)

 Others

1

 None

1

 Low

0.97 (0.82–1.14)

 Medium

1.05 (0.82–1.33)

 High

1.01 (0.62–1.61)

 Never in union

1

 Currently in union

0.65 (0.42–0.99)^c

 Formerly in union

1.01 (0.59–1.71)