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Table 2 The working definition of kininaru-kodomo (KK) obtained during the theoretical phase

From: A hybrid concept analysis of children of concern: Japanese healthcare professionals’ views of children at a high risk of developmental disability

Working definition

Categories that constitute the working definition

Codes

Relevant references

Children who require special care due to supposed special healthcare needs derived from DDs, other developmental problems and child maltreatment

Children with special healthcare needs due to possible DDs

Children who are assessed to require special care due to possible DDs

32

Children with undiagnosed DDs that are not accompanied with intellectual delay

15

Children who have developmental problems including children with diagnosed DDs

16, 17, 18, 19, 28, 31, 32

Children with problems in behavior and sociability of which professionals are aware

16, 17, 18, 19, 28, 30, 31, 32

Preschool children with teachers worried about their education

15, 19, 20

Children with special healthcare needs due to other developmental problems

Children with physical conditions that need medical management

31

Children with emotional instabilities of professional concern

19, 31

Children whose life skills are not developed for their age

15, 18

Children with special healthcare needs due to maltreatment

Children raising professional concern regarding possible child abuse and neglect

30, 31, 32

Children with mothers with poor child-rearing skills

28, 30, 32

Children with parents with psychological, emotional, and economic problems

15, 30, 32