Table 5 Socio-demographic and clinical factors associated with child mortality in a matched case control study at PML hospital in Accra, Ghana
Characteristic | Crude OR [95 % CI] | p-value | Adjusted OR [95 % CI]1 | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Referral source | ||||
Hospital/clinic referral | 3.38 [1.53–7.43] | 0.003 | 1.43 [0.40–5.19] | 0.584 |
Self-referral | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Previous hospital visit within the last year | ||||
Yes | 1.08 [0.62–1.89] | 0.777 | - | - |
No | 1.00 | |||
Previous hospital admission within the last year | ||||
Yes | 2.67 [1.04–6.81] | 0.040 | 3.08 [0.48–19.88] | 0.238 |
No | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Previous episode of diarrhoea within the last year | ||||
Yes | 5.50 [1.90–15.96] | 0.002 | 6.93 [1.50–32.08] | 0.013 |
No | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Reported feeding problem | ||||
Yes | 0.61 [0.29–1.29] | 0.198 | 0.88 [0.21–3.70] | 0.862 |
No | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Duration of symptoms before presentation | ||||
1–2 days | 2.5 [1.35–4.65] | 0.004 | 2.00 [0.56–7.11] | 0.286 |
> 2 days | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Nutritional status (WAZ) | ||||
Malnourished (z-score SD < -2) | 4.33 [2.31–8.12] | <0.001 | 4.44 [1.31–15.06] | 0.017 |
Well nourished (z-score SD ≥ -2) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
NHIS registration | ||||
Not registered | 1.38 [0.79–2.42] | 0.260 | - | - |
Registered | 1.00 | |||
Haemoglobin level category | ||||
Anaemic (<11.0 g/dL) | 1.25 [0.59–2.67] | 0.565 | - | - |
Normal haemoglobin level (≥11.0 g/dL) | 1.00 | |||
Temperature measurement at presentation | ||||
Fever (≥37.5oC) | 1.39 [0.76–2.55] | 0.288 | - | - |
Normal (<37.5oC) | 1.00 | |||
WBC count at presentation | ||||
High (>8.5 x 103/μ L) | 1.78 [0.79–4.02] | 0.267 | ||
Normal (2.5 x 103-8.5 x 103/μ L) | 1.00 | |||
Neutrophil count at presentation | ||||
High (>75.0 %) | 1.50 [0.42–5.32] | 0.530 | - | - |
Normal (≤75.0 %) | 1.00 | |||
Platelet count at presentation | ||||
High (>400 x 103/μ L) | 1.22 [0.51–2.95] | 0.655 | - | - |
Normal (≤400 x 103/μ L) | 1.00 | |||
Lymphocyte count at presentation | ||||
High (>60.0 %) | 1.00 [0.32–3.10] | 1.000 | ||
Normal (≤60.0 %) | 1.00 | |||