Gestational age, mode of birth and breastmilk feeding all influence acute early childhood gastroenteritis: a record-linkage cohort study

Bentley, Jason P.; Simpson, Judy M.; Bowen, Jenny R.; Morris, Jonathan M.; Roberts, Christine L.; Nassar, Natasha

doi:10.1186/s12887-016-0591-0

Table 1 Maternal and perinatal characteristics for children admitted to hospital once and more than once for acute gastroenteritis, NSW 2001–2011

From: Gestational age, mode of birth and breastmilk feeding all influence acute early childhood gastroenteritis: a record-linkage cohort study

Variable	Number of AGE hospital admissions						Total (N = 893,360)
	None (N = 852,086)		One (N = 38,085)		Two or more (N = 3189)		Total (N = 893,360)
	N	Row %^a	N	Row %^a	N	Row %^a	N	Col. %^b
Mode of birth
Vaginal birth – spontaneous onset of labour	445,535	95.6	18,929	4.1	1469	0.3	465,933	52.2
Vaginal birth – labour induction	173,429	95.1	8220	4.5	722	0.4	182,371	20.4
Caesarean section – pre-labour	132,892	95.3	6017	4.3	561	0.4	139,470	15.6
Caesarean section – spontaneous onset of labour	57,537	94.9	2820	4.7	252	0.4	60,609	6.8
Caesarean section – labour induction	42,693	94.9	2099	4.7	185	0.4	44,977	5.0
Gestational age (weeks)
33–36	36,508	94.4	1952	5.0	225	0.6	38,685	4.3
37–38	188,164	95.0	8985	4.5	834	0.4	197,983	22.2
39–42	627,414	95.5	27,148	4.1	2130	0.3	656,692	73.5
Maternal age (years)
<20	31,020	92.8	2154	6.4	247	0.7	33,421	3.7
20–24	118,300	94.0	6902	5.5	676	0.5	125,878	14.1
25–29	235,736	95.1	11,235	4.5	926	0.4	247,897	27.8
30–34	282,186	95.8	11,464	3.9	853	0.3	294,503	33.0
35–39	153,271	96.4	5266	3.3	406	0.3	158,943	17.8
40+	31,573	96.5	1064	3.3	81	0.2	32,718	3.7
Primiparae	353,744	95.0	17,306	4.6	1468	0.4	372,518	41.7
Australian Born	598,374	95.0	29,024	4.6	2566	0.4	629,964	70.5
Socio-economic advantage
1st Quintile (Highest)	173,516	96.1	6605	3.7	457	0.3	180,578	20.2
2nd Quintile	162,516	95.9	6420	3.8	501	0.3	169,437	19.0
3rd Quintile	178,752	95.5	7823	4.2	604	0.3	187,179	21.0
4th Quintile	175,417	94.9	8557	4.6	775	0.4	184,749	20.7
5th Quintile (Lowest)	161,885	94.4	8680	5.1	852	0.5	171,417	19.2
Smoking during pregnancy	126,685	94.2	7101	5.3	686	0.5	134,472	15.1
Diabetes	53,822	95.3	2420	4.3	220	0.4	56,462	6.3
Hypertension	74,126	94.5	3956	5.0	364	0.5	78,446	8.8
Baby’s sex - Male	436,304	95.2	20,085	4.4	1724	0.4	458,113	51.3
Year of birth
Prior to 1 July 2007	473,607	93.6	29,552	5.8	2662	0.5	505,821	56.6
From 1 July 2007	378,479	97.7	8533	2.2	527	0.1	387,539	43.4
Birthweight z-score
< -2	16,064	94.1	897	5.3	117	0.7	17,078	1.9
[-2,-1)	113,474	94.9	5570	4.7	482	0.4	119,526	13.4
[-1,0)	305,914	95.3	13,855	4.3	1154	0.4	320,923	35.9
[0,1)	281,683	95.5	12,173	4.1	994	0.3	294,850	33.0
[1,2)	108,087	95.7	4467	4.0	374	0.3	112,928	12.6
≥2	26,864	95.8	1123	4.0	68	0.2	28,055	3.1
Admission to SCN/NICU	111,483	94.2	6205	5.2	663	0.6	118,351	13.3
5 Minute Apgar Score < 7	10,947	94.5	584	5.0	59	0.5	11,590	1.3
Infection in birth admission^c	17,475	94.1	991	5.3	109	0.6	18,575	2.1
Birth admission length of stay z-score
< -1	81,018	96.3	2893	3.4	204	0.2	84,115	9.4
[-1,0)	346,181	95.7	14,527	4.0	1171	0.3	361,879	40.5
[0,1)	351,360	95.2	16,317	4.4	1371	0.4	369,048	41.3
≥ 1	73,527	93.9	4348	5.6	443	0.6	78,318	8.8
Formula-only feeding*
Yes	52,360	96.4	1840	3.4	127	0.2	54,327	11.9
No	393,156	97.4	9936	2.5	660	0.2	403,752	88.1

*Complete cases only (n = 458,079), SCN Special Care Nursery, NICU Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Col. Column
^aPer cent of all children in the row. ^bPer cent of all children in the study population. ^cIncludes AGE or ICD-10-AM: P35-P39

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