Table 1 Characteristics of the 40 (21 girls) overweight children and adolescents

Age, years

13.7 (10.0–16.8)

14.6 (10.9–17.8)

<0.0001***

BMI SDS

2.80 (1.49–3.85)

2.56 (0.18–4.68)

0.001**

VAT, cm³

83 (21–361)

73 (15–396)

0.01*

SAT, cm³

282 (97–518)

262 (74–527)

0.14

LFC, %

3.0 (0.5–67.0)

3.0 (0.5–32.0)

0.01*

Hepatic steatosis, fraction

28 % (11/40)

20 % (8/40)

0.26

MFC, %

7.4 (1.2–26.3)

4.8 (0.5–39.6)

0.01*

Muscle steatosis, fraction

75 % (30/40)

45 % (18/40)

0.007**

Triglyceride, mmol/l

0.9 (0.2–2.3)

1.0 (0.3–2.0)

0.78

HDL cholesterol, mmol/l

1.2 (0.7–1.7)

1.2 (0.8–2.1)

0.03*

LDL cholesterol, mmol/l

2.3 (1.1–4.2)

2.4 (1.0–3.8)

0.02*

Non-HDL cholesterol, mmol/l

2.8 (1.2–4.7)

2.8 (1.2–4.4)

0.02*

Plasma glucose, mmol/l

5.1 (4.2–6.2)

5.1 (4.4–5.9)

0.42

Serum insulin, pmol/l

83 (11–271)

87 (14–226)

0.99

HbA1c, mmol/l

35 (28–42)

34 (26–40)

0.04*

ALT, U/l

22 (11–126)

22 (10–69)

0.67

GGT, U/l

18 (5–134)

16 (9–33)

0.72