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Table 3 Risk factors for an increased level of anxiety in parents (STAI score >31)

From: Parental anxiety related to referral of childhood heart murmur; an observational/interventional study

Characteristics

Odds ratio

95 % CI for OR

P-value

Parent

   

STAI trait

1.24a

1.18–1.31

<0.01

Female gender

1.25

0.75–2.06

0.39

12 years education or less

2.53

1.49–4.32

<0.01

Parents live separately

1.87

0.79–4.41

0.16

Parent with only one child

1.17

0.64–2.12

0.61

Family history of HD

1.03

0.58–1.83

0.93

Family history of HM

0.92

0.54–1.56

0.75

Sought information on HM

1.49

0.90–2.46

0.12

Child

   

Age over 2 years

0.96

0.58–1.58

0.86

Previous hospitalisation

1.13

0.65–1.96

0.66

General info

   

Waiting time for consultation >2 months

1.02

0.62–1.67

0.95

Referred by a specialist

0.75

0.38–1.49

0.42

Did not received a fact sheet

1.46

0.84–2.53

0.18

Returned STAI after appointment

1.13

0.67–1.89

0.66

Concerns

   

It is serious to have a physiological HM

2.72

1.59–4.65

<0.01

HM will restrict the Child’s activity

3.13

1.65–5.91

<0.01

HM will increase risk of HD later in life

2.72

1.60–4.63

<0.01

Most likely cause of HM in children is CDH

1.75

1.01–3.03

0.05

Has a major concern

2.54

1.47–4.38

<0.01

  1. Abbreviations: CHD Congenital Heart disease, HD Heart disease, HM Heart murmur, SD Standard deviation, STAI State trait anxiety inventory
  2. aOdds ratio with increment of 1 STAI-trait score