Table 1 Baseline and clinical characteristics of children hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia diagnosed on clinical grounds

Gender male^a

70 (64.2)

77 (53.8)

0.098

87 (50.0)

0.019

 2-11 months

28 (25.7)

63 (44.1)

0.003

73 (42.0)

0.005

 1-4 years

67 (61.5)

68 (47.6)

0.028

87 (50.0)

0.059

  ≥ 5 years

14 (12.8)

12 (8.4)

0.250

14 (8.0)

0.188

 fever^a

100 (91.7)

112 (78.3)

0.004

140 (80.5)

0.010

 duration of fever^c

n = 79

n = 80

n = 105

5 (3–7); 1-30

4(2–6); 1-20

0.093

4(2–7);1-20

0.299

 cough^a

92 (84.4)

123 (86.0)

0.720

152 (87.4)

0.483

 duration of cough^c

n = 59

n = 80

n = 93

7 (4–9); 1-45

4.5 (3–7); 1-31

0.022

5(3–7.5);1-31

0.053

 breathlessness^a

67 (61.5)

104 (72.7)

0.058

124 (71.3)

0.087

 duration of breathlessness^c

n = 46

n = 77

n = 93

2 (1–6); 1-30

3 (1–4.5); 1-30

0.894

3(1–5);1-30

0.504

 tachypnoea^a

68/85^d (80.0)

79/106^d (74.5)

0.372

98/131^d (74.8)

0.377

 fever^a

52/99^d (52.5)

62/121^d (51.2)

0.849

79/148^d (53.4)

0.895

 crackles^a

42 (38.5)

86 (60.1)

0.001

100 (57.5)

0.002

 wheezing^a

32 (29.4)

86 (60.1)

<0.001

99 (56.9)

<0.001

 chest retraction^a

38 (34.9)

53 (37.1)

0.719

69 (39.7)

0.418

 non-severe^a

76 (69.7)

76 (53.1)

0.008

97 (55.7)

0.019

 severe^a

22 (20.2)

47 (32.9)

0.025

55 (31.6)

0.036

 very severe^a

11 (10.1)

20 (14.0)

0.351

22 (12.6)

0.515

 chest indrawing^a

30 (27.5)

58 (40.6)

0.032

67 (38.5)

0.058

 nasal flaring^a

7 (6.4)

17 (11.9)

0.143

19 (10.9)

0.202

 somnolence^a

1 (0.9)

1 (0.7)

1.000

1 (0.6)

1.000

 seizure^a

1 (0.9)

1 (0.7)

1.000

1 (0.6)

1.000

 cyanosis^a

2 (1.8)

1 (0.7)

0.580

1 (0.6)

0.561