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Table 7 Crude stillbirth rates and rate ratios, and stillbirth rates and rate ratios after excluding live births and stillbirths <22 weeks and <28 weeks, among selected high-income countries, 1995-2005 and 2005

From: Differences in perinatal and infant mortality in high-income countries: artifacts of birth registration or evidence of true differences?

Gestational age/Birth weight

1995–2005

2005

Rate (95 % CI)

Rate Ratio (95 % CI)

Rate (95 % CI)

Rate Ratio (95 % CI)

GA (weeks)

≥22

Canada

4.8 (4.7–4.9)

1.27 (1.24–1.29)

5.0 (4.7–5.3)

1.55 (1.45–1.64)

USA

5.7 (5.7–5.8)

1.50 (1.49–1.51)

5.4 (5.4–5.5)

1.70 (1.68–1.72)

Denmarka

4.4 (4.2–4.5)

1.14 (1.10–1.18)

4.8 (4.3–5.4)

1.51 (1.35–1.69)

Finland

3.8 (3.7–4.0)

1.00

3.2 (2.8–3.7)

1.00

Iceland

4.3 (3.7–4.9)

1.12 (0.97–1.29)

4.9 (3.0–7.4)

1.52 (0.94–2.33)

Norway

5.0 (4.8–5.2)

1.31 (1.26–1.35)

3.7 (3.2–4.3)

1.17 (1.01–1.33)

Swedena

3.4 (3.3–3.6)

0.90 (0.87–0.93)

2.9 (2.6–3.3)

0.92 (0.81–1.03)

≥28

Canada

3.2 (3.1–3.2)

0.98 (0.96–1.00)

3.0 (2.7–3.2)

1.13 (1.05–1.23)

USA

3.8 (3.8–3.8)

1.17 (1.16–1.18)

3.5 (3.5–3.6)

1.34 (1.32–1.36)

Denmark

4.1 (4.0–4.3)

1.29 (1.24–1.33)

3.4 (3.0–3.9)

1.32 (1.15–1.50)

Finland

3.2 (3.1–3.4)

1.00

2.6 (2.2–3.1)

1.00

Iceland

2.8 (2.3–3.3)

0.85 (0.71–1.02)

1.4 (0.5–3.0)

0.53 (0.20–1.16)

Norway

3.5 (3.3–3.6)

1.07 (1.03–1.12)

2.5 (2.1–2.9)

0.95 (0.80–1.12)

Sweden

3.5 (3.3–3.6)

1.07 (1.04–1.11)

2.9 (2.6–3.3)

1.12 (1.00–1.26)

BW (grams)

≥500

Canada

4.6 (4.5–4.6)

1.37 (1.34–1.39)

4.4 (4.1–4.7)

1.60 (1.49–1.70)

USA

5.1 (5.1–5.1)

1.53 (1.52–1.53)

4.8 (4.7–4.9)

1.74 (1.71–1.76)

Denmark

4.3 (4.1–4.4)

1.28 (1.23–1.32)

4.4 (3.9–4.9)

1.58 (1.40–1.77)

Finland

3.3 (3.2–3.5)

1.00

2.8 (2.4–3.2)

1.00

Iceland

3.8 (3.2–4.4)

1.14 (0.98–1.32)

3.5 (1.9–5.7)

1.26 (0.70–2.07)

Norway

4.2 (4.0–4.3)

1.26 (1.21–1.30)

3.1 (2.6–3.6)

1.11 (0.96–1.29)

Sweden

3.5 (3.4–3.6)

1.04 (1.01–1.08)

2.9 (2.6–3.2)

1.04 (0.92–1.17)

≥1000

Canada

3.2 (3.1–3.3)

1.29 (1.26–1.32)

2.9 (2.7–3.1)

1.36 (1.25–1.47)

USA

3.8 (3.8–3.8)

1.54 (1.53–1.55)

3.6 (3.6–3.7)

1.71 (1.68–1.74)

Denmark

3.9 (3.7–4.0)

1.57 (1.51–1.62)

3.5 (3.0–4.0)

1.65 (1.44–1.88)

Finland

2.5 (2.4–2.6)

1.00

2.1 (1.8–2.5)

1.00

Iceland

2.5 (2.1–3.0)

1.01 (0.83–1.21)

1.4 (0.5–3.0)

0.66 (0.24–1.44)

Norway

3.1 (3.0–3.3)

1.25 (1.20–1.31)

2.4 (2.0–2.8)

1.12 (0.94–1.33)

Sweden

3.2 (3.1–3.4)

1.31 (1.26–1.35)

2.7 (2.4–3.1)

1.28 (1.14–1.44)

All births

Canada

5.8 (5.7–5.9)

1.52 (1.49–1.55)

6.2 (5.9–6.6)

1.93 (1.83–2.04)

USA

7.0 (6.9–7.0)

1.81 (1.81–1.82)

6.7 (6.6–6.8)

2.08 (2.06–2.11)

Denmark

4.4 (4.2–4.5)

1.14 (1.10–1.18)

4.8 (4.3–5.4)

1.50 (1.34–1.68)

Finland

3.8 (3.7–4.0)

1.00

3.2 (2.8–3.7)

1.00

Iceland

4.3 (3.7–4.9)

1.11 (0.97–1.28)

4.9 (3.0–7.4)

1.51 (0.94–2.31)

Norway

8.9 (8.7–9.1)

2.32 (2.26–2.38)

7.9 (7.2–8.6)

2.45 (2.23–2.69)

Sweden

3.5 (3.4–3.6)

0.91 (0.88–0.94)

2.9 (2.6–3.3)

0.91 (0.81–1.02)

  1. Rates are expressed per 1,000 total births
  2. aDenmark and Sweden did not report stillbirths less than 28 weeks until 2004 and 2008, respectively
  3. Only births with gestational age <22 weeks excluded from the rate calculation for births 22 weeks i.e., births with unknown gestational age included in the calculations. Calculations of rates for births 28 weeks and birth weight 500 g and 1000 g were carried out in a similar manner. Finland was used as the reference category for calculation of rate ratios