Table 3 Factor and item descriptive statistics, factor loadings, and internal consistency for the ten-factor solution of the young child feeding practice questionnaire (n = 197)
From: Association between feeding practices and weight status in young children
Factors and items composing each factor (median, interquartile range) | Factor loading | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
αa | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | h2b | |
Factor 1 -Concern about child undereating or being underweight (8, 5–13) | 0.77 | |||||||||||
1. Worried child being underweight (1, 1–4) | 0.86 C | −0.10 | −0.14 | —d | 0.12 | — | — | — | — | — | 0.79 | |
2. Felt that one was not doing a good job in feeding when one saw that other children of the same age weighed more (1,1-2) | 0.83 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.16 | — | — | 0.73 | |
3. Upset if child did not eat enough (2, 1–4) | 0.60 | — | — | 0.45 | — | — | — | — | 0.12 | — | 0.59 | |
4. Worried child was not eating enough (3, 1–4) | 0.55 | — | — | 0.40 | — | — | — | 0.23 | — | −0.24 | 0.58 | |
Factor 2 -Concern about child overeating or being overweight (4, 4–8) | 0.77 | |||||||||||
5. Upset if child ate too much (1, 1–3) | — | 0.81 | — | — | −0.10 | — | — | −0.22 | — | — | 0.75 | |
6. Worried child was eating too much (1, 1–2) | — | 0.80 | — | — | — | −0.17 | — | −0.27 | — | 0.15 | 0.77 | |
7. Restriction of food intake to prevent the child becoming overweight | −0.21 | 0.73 | — | −0.15 | — | — | — | 0.33 | — | — | 0.73 | |
8. Worried child being overweight (1, 1–1) | −0.27 | 0.70 | −0.19 | — | — | — | — | 0.21 | — | — | 0.65 | |
Factor 3 -Interaction with the child during feeding (15, 13–15) | 0.76 | |||||||||||
9. Smiled to your child while feeding (5, 4–5) | — | — | 0.85 | — | — | 0.31 | — | — | — | — | 0.84 | |
10. Eye contact while feeding (5, 4–5) | — | — | 0.84 | — | — | 0.30 | — | — | — | — | 0.81 | |
11. Face-to-face feeding (5, 5–5) | — | — | 0.72 | — | — | −0.24 | — | 0.14 | — | — | 0.63 | |
Factor 4 -Over-feeding behavior (13, 9–15) | 0.54 | |||||||||||
12. If child did not eat enough, changed feeding method to feed more (4, 1–5) | — | — | — | 0.80 | 0.20 | −0.15 | −0.11 | — | — | — | 0.73 | |
13. Diverted the child’s attention to feed more (4, 2–5) | — | — | −0.17 | 0.70 | — | 0.20 | — | 0.13 | 0.20 | — | 0.65 | |
14. Fed more before sleep to let the child sleep longer (1, 1–5) | 0.11 | — | 0.14 | 0.44 | −0.18 | −0.27 | −0.21 | — | 0.22 | −0.21 | 0.45 | |
15. If child ate less at one meal, prepared other foods for him/her within 30 min (3, 1–4) | 0.19 | −0.26 | 0.13 | 0.34 | 0.32 | 0.33 | — | 0.11 | 0.10 | — | 0.47 | |
Factor 5 - Children’s food preferences (6, 3–8) | 0.60 | |||||||||||
16. Did your child prefer calorie-dense food (e.g. sweets, chocolate, etc.) (1, 1–3) | — | — | — | — | 0.83 | — | — | — | — | — | 0.70 | |
17. Did you give your child puffed food, candy, carbonated beverages, fried foods (1, 1–2) | — | — | 0.12 | — | 0.80 | — | — | — | — | −0.27 | 0.75 | |
18. Did your child prefer starchy foods (cookies, cakes, bread and potatoes) (2, 1–4) | 0.17 | — | — | −0.11 | 0.55 | 0.24 | 0.11 | −0.19 | 0.17 | 0.35 | 0.61 | |
Factor 6 -Language communication while feeding (9, 7–10) | 0.48 | |||||||||||
19. Talked or sang to child while feeding (4, 4–5) | — | — | — | — | — | 0.76 | 0.12 | 0.11 | — | — | 0.62 | |
20. Praising for the child’s good eating behaviors (5, 4–5) | — | — | 0.22 | −0.11 | — | 0.72 | 0.11 | — | −0.17 | — | 0.64 | |
Factor 7 -Awareness of child’s hunger and satiety cues (10, 8–10) | 0.72 | |||||||||||
21. I knew when child was full (5, 4–5) | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.90 | — | — | — | 0.83 | |
22. I knew when child was hungry (5, 4–5) | — | — | 0.14 | — | — | 0.15 | 0.89 | — | — | — | 0.86 | |
Factor 8 -Pushing the child to eat more (3, 2–5) | 0.37 | |||||||||||
23. Regardless the child’s refusal and made him/her eat a certain amount (1, 1–3) | 0.25 | — | — | 0.15 | — | — | −0.15 | 0.75 | — | — | 0.67 | |
24. Encouraging the child to eat more (1, 1–3) | 0.47 | — | — | 0.14 | — | 0.22 | — | 0.50 | — | — | 0.55 | |
Factor 9 -Using food to calm the child (2, 2–5) | 0.44 | |||||||||||
25. Feeding child was the best way to stop fussiness (1, 1–1) | 0.14 | — | −0.11 | — | — | −0.18 | — | 0.13 | 0.82 | −0.10 | 0.78 | |
26. When fussy, feeding child was first thing you would do (1, 1–3) | — | — | — | 0.14 | 0.19 | — | — | — | 0.78 | — | 0.69 | |
Factor 10 -Concerned about child’s food intake (7, 5–8) | 0.17 | |||||||||||
27. Could the child eat all foods you provided at every meal (3, 3–4) | −0.15 | — | — | −0.15 | — | — | — | — | — | 0.76 | 0.65 | |
28. Did you think your child should eat all foods you provided at every meal (4, 1–5) | 0.17 | — | — | 0.17 | — | — | — | 0.44 | — | 0.63 | 0.66 | |