Social, dietary and clinical correlates of oedema in children with severe acute malnutrition: a cross-sectional study

Table 4 Maternal and household data, household diet and food insecurity and their association with oedema among 120 children with severe acute malnutrition

		Oedema ^a	No oedema ^a		Odds Ratio (95% CI) ^b
	N ^c	n = 77	n = 43	p		p
Maternal and household data
Mothers body-mass index, kg/m²	81	21.8 ± 2.9	21.3 ± 2.0	0.45	1.09 (0.91; 1.31)	0.36
Mother living with child’s father	116	52 (38)	56 (24)	0.70	0.88 (0.41; 1.92)	0.75
Mother pregnant or has younger child	102	22 (14)	8 (3)	0.08	2.83 (0.74; 10.8)	0.13
Number of people in household	113	5.6 ± 2.5	4.5 ± 1.7	0.008	1.33 (1.06; 1.67)	0.01
Foods served in household last two weeks ^d
Fish	100	55 (33)	73 (29)	0.08	0.42 (0.17; 1.02)	0.06
Nuts	97	83 (49)	95 (36)	0.09	0.17 (0.03; 0.88)	0.03
Eggs	98	51 (30)	49 (19)	0.84	1.22 (0.52; 2.88)	0.65
Meat	99	72 (43)	67 (26)	0.60	1.16 (0.46; 2.91)	0.75
Dairy products	97	66 (39)	82 (31)	0.10	0.38 (0.14; 1.08)	0.07
Green leafy vegetables	94	71 (40)	84 (32)	0.15	0.34 (0.11; 1.04)	0.06
Fresh fruits	98	73 (44)	87 (33)	0.11	0.26 (0.08; 0.87)	0.03
Dietary Diversity Score, 0–7^e	90	5 (4; 6)	6 (5; 6)	0.02	0.58 (0.40; 0.85)	0.005
Household Food Insecurity ^d
Household Food Insecurity Access Scale Score, 0 -27	93	5.0 (0.0; 10.0)	8.5 (1.5; 15.5)	0.15	0.97 (0.91;1.03)	0.34
Food insecurity category	97			0.07
Food secure		32 (19)	21 (8)		ref.
Mildly food insecure		8 (5)	5 (2)		0.72 (0.10; 5.48)	0.75
Moderately food insecure		29 (17)	16 (6)		1.37 (0.37; 5.10)	0.64
Severely food insecure		31 (18)	58 (22)		0.35 (0.12; 1.04)	0.06

^aValues presented are % (n), median (25%;75%) or mean ± SD; ^bOdds ratio calculated by logistic regression, adjusted for age and sex; ^cn = number of children for whom information is available; ^dOnly caretakers who had stayed with the child during the last two weeks were asked; ^eSum of different food types (listed above) served in household during last two weeks.

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