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Table 3 Energy balance, food intake and food choices in the setting of acute social stress by randomization group and weight category

From: Impact of physical activity on energy balance, food intake and choice in normal weight and obese children in the setting of acute social stress: a randomized controlled trial

 

Normal weight (n = 26)

Overweight/obese (n = 24)

Adjusted differences between

Outcome variables

Sedentary (n = 13)

Physical activity (n = 13)

Sedentary (n = 12)

Physical activity (n = 12)

Randomization groups

Weight categories

Overall energy balance (kcal)

314 ± 223

230 ± 178

363 ± 306

143 ± 247

−164 (−300 to −28)***

72 (−86 to 230)

Energy expenditure (kcal)

129 ± 18

187 ± 25

228 ± 42

287 ± 66

68 (50 to 86)***

81 (60 to 102)***

Food intake (kcal)

443 ± 228

416 ± 178

591 ± 330

430 ± 219

−96 (−232 to 40)

153 (−5 to 311)§

LD salty food (kcal)

57 ± 38

28 ± 17

53 ± 44

28 ± 31

−25 (−44 to −6)***

−4 (−26 to 18)

HD salty food (kcal)

133 ± 96

122 ± 77

205 ± 129

185 ± 124

−21 (−80 to 39)

104 (34 to 173)**

LD sweet food (kcal)

35 ± 26

46 ± 44

50 ± 40

36 ± 39

0.6 (−22 to 23)

−4 (−31 to 22)

HD sweet food (kcal)

218 ± 117

220 ± 154

282 ± 195

181 ± 149

−51 (−140 to 37)

57 (−46 to 160)

Protein (kcal)

11 ± 8

11 ± 5

16 ± 10

12 ± 7

−3 (−6 to 1)

5 (0.3 to 9)*

Lipids (kcal)

19 ± 12

18 ± 8

24 ± 12

22 ± 11

−2 (−8 to 4)

7 (0.3 to 14)*

Carbohydrates (kcal)

54 ± 26

50 ± 26

76 ± 46

46 ± 28

−17 (−36 to 2)

16 (−6 to 39)

  1. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001, § p = 0.058.
  2. LD = low density, HD = high density. LD salty food included bread, cherry tomatoes, rice cakes; HD salty food salami, crisps, peanuts; LD sweet food banana, apple and orange; HD sweet food milk chocolate, biscuits, gummy bears.
  3. The differences (95% confidence intervals) between randomization groups (children in the physical vs. the sedentary activity) or weight categories (overweight/obese vs. normal weight children) are adjusted for age, gender, parental socioeconomic status and migrant status and for weight category and randomization group, respectively.