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Table 1 Baseline characteristics

From: Improved insulin sensitivity and body composition, irrespective of macronutrient intake, after a 12 month intervention in adolescents with pre-diabetes; RESIST a randomised control trial

 

Intervention group

 
 

Moderate-carbohydrate, increased-protein diet (n = 56)

High-carbohydrate, low-fat diet (n = 55)

P*

Age and sex

     

Age years median [range]

13.0

[10.1 to 16.5]

13.2

[10.2 to 17.4]

0.959

Girls n (%)

34

(60.7)

32

(58.2)

0.786†

Pubertal status† n (%)

     

Tanner stage 1

7

(12.7)

7

(12.7)

 

2

9

(16.4)

11

(20.0)

 

3

15

(27.3)

9

(16.4)

 

4

15

(27.3)

16

(29.1)

 

5

9

(16.4)

12

(21.8)

 

Anthropometry

     

Mean (SD) unless otherwise indicated

Weight kg

90.7

(19.0)

90.7

(21.2)

0.992

Height z-score

1.27

(1.29)

1.30

(1.11)

0.894

Weight z-score

2.73

(0.53)

2.68

(0.57)

0.646

BMI z-score

2.39

(0.25)

2.33

(0.32)

0.253

BMI %95 centile

133

(19)

132

(23)

0.770

Obese§ n (%)

55

(98.2)

52

(94.5)

0.300†

Body composition (DXA) |

     

Total body fat (kg)

43.5

(10.0)

42.6

(11.7)

0.683

Total fat %

49.5

(5.5)

48.3

(5.7)

0.249

Total fat free mass (kg)

44.4

(11.3)

45.1

(11.4)

0.740

Fat free mass index

1.66

(0.24)

1.69

(0.29)

0.638

  1. *P independent sample t-tests unless otherwise indicated.
  2. †Chi-squared test.
  3. ‡One girl in the moderate carbohydrate, increase protein diet group had missing data.
  4. §Obesity defined by International Obesity Taskforce [14].
  5. |DXA: Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry.