Table 1 Social, demographic and clinical characteristics at start of ART according to annual average MR adherence.

Median age (months) (IQR)

37 (16 – 61)

37 (16 – 57)

49 (20 – 72)

0.49*

Gender

   Female (%)

52 (43)

39 (43)

12 (50)

0.53^†

WHO stage

   4 (%)

54 (44)

34 (37)

14 (58%)

0.06^†

Mean weight-for-age z-score (sd)

-2.02 (1.54)

-1.82 (1.55)

-2.41 (1.37)

0.09‡

Mean height-for-age z-score (sd)

-2.71 (1.36)

-2.66 (1.36)

-2.74 (1.33)

0.78‡

Mean weight-for-height z-score (sd)

-0.56 (1.44)

-0.31 (1.34)

-1.08 (1.42)

0.02‡

Median CD4 percent (IQR)

11.1 (6.9 – 15.0)

11.4 (8.0 – 15.1)

10.1 (4.2 – 14.3)

0.18*

Median CD4 count (IQR)

556 (242 – 908)

592 (273 – 938)

518 (105 – 758)

0.23*

Median Log Viral load (IQR)

5.57 (5.15 – 6.08)

5.44 (5.11 – 6.08)

5.77 (5.30 – 6.06)

0.55*

Primary caregiver

   Mother (%)

107 (88)

79 (87)

21 (88)

0.72^§

   Not mother (%)

12 (10)

9 (10)

3 (13)

   Unknown (%)

3 (2)

3 (3)

0 (0)

Median age of caregiver (IQR)

29 (26 – 32)

30 (26 – 32)

28 (25 – 35)

0.58*

Father provides financial support

   Yes (%)

48 (39)

37 (41)

9 (38)

0.8^†

   No (%)

70 (57)

51 (56)

14 (58)

   Unknown (%)

4 (3)

3 (3)

1 (4)

Caregiver has secondary education

   Yes (%)

107 (88)

83 (91)

18 (75)

0.03^†

   No (%)

11 (9)

6 (7)

5 (21)

   Unknown (%)

4 (3)

2 (2)

1 (4)

Caregiver employed

   Yes (%)

27 (22)

23 (25)

4 (17)

0.37^†

   No (%)

89 (73)

64 (70)

19 (79)

   Unknown (%)

6 (5)

4 (4)

1 (4)

Caregiver/child receives social grant

   Yes (%)

69 (57)

55 (60)

11 (46)

0.16^†

   No (%)

51 (42)

34 (37)

13 (54)

   Unknown (%)

2 (2)

2 (2)

0 (0)

Formal housing

   Yes (%)

62 (51)

50 (55)

8 (33)

0.06^†

   No (%)

60 (49)

41 (45)

16 (67)

Access to water and electricity

   Yes (%)

97 (80)

76 (84)

15 (63)

0.024^†

   No (%)

25 (20)

15 (16)

9 (38)

Access to working refrigerator

   Yes (%)

85 (70)

66 (73)

12 (50)

0.036^†

   No (%)

37 (30)

15 (16)

12 (50)

Medication

   d4T (%)

110 (90)

81 (89)

22 (92)

1.00*

   AZT (%)

11 (9)

8 (9)

3 (13)

0.70*

   3TC (%)

117 (96)

88 (97)

22 (92)

0.28*

   ddI (%)

4 (3)

3 (3)

1 (4)

1.00*

   Efavirenz (%)

67(55)

55 (60)

10 (42)

0.08^†

   Ritonavir (%)

55 (45)

36 (40)

14 (58)

0.10^†