Study | Intervention vs. control | Outcome measure | Difference between the groups |
---|---|---|---|
Moderate evidence on effectiveness | |||
Upper extremity treatment (1 high-quality trial) | |||
Wallen et al [40] | OT vs. no treatment | Goal Attainment Scale Range of motion in active supination | 6 mo: p = 0.054 6 mo: p = 0.008 |
Hallam [43] | Prehensile hand treatment+NDT vs. NDT (twice a week) vs. NDT (once a week) | GMDS developmental quotient | p < 0.002* |
Constraint induced (CI) therapy (2 lower-quality trials) | |||
Charles et al [52] | CI therapy with a sling vs. no therapy | Amount of hand use† Quality of hand use† | 1 wk: effect size 0.3, p < .01 1, 6 mo: effect size 0.2, p < 0.01 |
Taub et al [53] | CI therapy with a cast vs. early intervention program | Amount of hand use‡ Quality of hand use‡ | 3 wk: p < 0.0001 3 wk: p < 0.0001 |
Moderate evidence on ineffectiveness | |||
Strength training (4 lower-quality trials with walking speed, and 2 lower-quality trials with stride length as an outcome) | |||
Liao et al [44] | Home-based loaded sit-to-stand exercise vs. no training | Self-selected walking speed | 6 wk: NS |
Dodd et al [48] | Home-based strength training vs. no training | Self-selected walking speed | 6, 18 wk: NS |
Patikas et al [45] | Strength training vs. no training | Walking speed Stride length | 9 mo: NS 9 mo: NS |
Unger et al [47] | Circuit training vs. no training | Walking speed Stride length | 9 wk: NS 9 wk: NS |
Conflicting evidence | |||
Strength training (3 lower-quality trials with GMFM as an outcome) | |||
Liao et al [44] | Home-based loaded sit-to-stand exercise vs. no training | GMFM | 6 wk: effect size 1.17, p = 0.02 |
Patikas et al [46] | Home-based strength training vs. no training | GMFM | 12 mo: NS |
Dodd et al [48] | Home-based strength training vs. no training | GMFM | 6, 18 wk: NS |