Table 2 Antibiotic, Bronchodilator and Steroid use Prior to and Following CEM Introduction
From: Effect of point of care information on inpatient management of bronchiolitis
|  | Pre-CEM 2000 – 2001 n = 142 | Post-CEM 2001 – 2002 n = 174 | Difference (95% CI) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Antibiotic Prescription Patterns for Bronchiolitis Patients | ||||
Antibiotics, n (%) | 49 (34.5) | 38 (21.8) | 12.7 (2.7, 22.5) | 0.020 |
# antibiotics received: | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   0, n (%) | 93 (65.5) | 136 (78.2) |  |  |
   1, n (%) | 28 (19.7) | 22 (12.6) |  |  |
   2, n (%) | 16 (11.3) | 12 (6.9) |  |  |
   3, n (%) | 4 (2.8) | 3 (1.7) |  |  |
   4, n (%) | 1 (0.7) | 1 (0.6) |  |  |
Median (range) | 0 (0, 4) | 0 (0, 4) | 0 (0,0) | 0.019 |
Bronchodilator Prescription Patterns for Bronchiolitis Patients | ||||
Bronchodilators, n(%) | 134 (94.4) | 163 (93.7) | 0.7 (-5.1, 6.1) | 0.873 |
Salbutamol received, n (%) | 102 (71.8) | 77 (44.3) | 27.6 (16.9, 37.4) | <0.001 |
Epinephrine received, n (%) | 72 (50.7) | 120 (69.0) | -18.3 (-28.6, -7.4) | 0.005 |
Number of different bronchodilators received | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   0 received, n (%) | 8 (5.6) | 11 (6.3) |  |  |
   1 received, n (%) | 57 (40.1) | 64 (36.8) |  |  |
   2 received, n (%) | 37 (26,1) | 37 (21.3) |  |  |
   3 received, n (%) | 18 (12.7) | 34 (19.5) |  |  |
   ≥ 4 received, n (%) | 22 (15.5) | 28 (16.1) |  |  |
Median (range) | 2 (0, 8) | 2 (0, 9) | 0 (0, 0) | 0.637 |
Steroid Prescription Patterns for Bronchiolitis Patients | ||||
Inhaled Steroids | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   0, n (%) | 132 (93.0) | 167 (96.0) |  |  |
   1, n (%) | 10 (7.0) | 6 (3.4) |  |  |
   2, n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.6) |  |  |
   Median (range) | 0 (0, 1) | 0 (0, 2) | 0 (0, 0) | 0.510 |
Systemic Steroids | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   0, n (%) | 129 (90.8) | 157 (90.2) |  |  |
   1, n (%) | 13 (9.2) | 17 (9.8) |  |  |
   Median (range) | 0 (0, 1) | 0 (0,1) | 0 (0, 0) | 0.629 |
Total Inhaled and Systemic steroids | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   0, n (%) | 122 (85.9) | 152 (87.4) |  |  |
   1, n (%) | 17 (12.0) | 19 (10.9) |  |  |
   2, n (%) | 3 (2.1) | 3 (1.7) |  |  |
   Median (range) | 0 (0, 2) | 0 (0,2) | 0 (0, 0) | 0.983 |