Table 2 Odds ratio (OR) estimates of effects of passive smoking status and other selected characteristics on anemia among children aged 0–35 months, Jordan 2002
From: Passive smoking as a risk factor of anemia in young children aged 0–35 months in Jordan
Odd Ratio (Significant Levels) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristic | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 |
Passive smoking status | ||||
None of parents smoke† | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
One of parents smoke | 0.86 | 0.84 | 0.87 | 0.83 |
Both parents smoke | 3.08*** | 3.14*** | 3.00*** | 2.99*** |
Child's age (months) | ||||
0–11† | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
12–23 | 0.61 | 0.64 | 0.63 | |
24–35 | 0.34*** | 0.37** | 0.39** | |
Child's sex | ||||
Boy† | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
Girl | 1.01 | 0.99 | 1.01 | |
Child's birth order | ||||
1† | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
2 | 1.00 | 1.19 | 1.19 | |
3 | 0.90 | 1.13 | 1.17 | |
4+ | 0.88 | 1.49 | 1.45 | |
Birth weight | ||||
≥ 2,500 g† | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
< 2,500 g | 1.50 | 1.63 | 1.60 | |
Breastfeeding status (months) | ||||
Never† | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
0–11 | 0.54 | 0.44 | 0.40 | |
12–17 | 0.78 | 0.61 | 0.55 | |
18–23 | 1.23 | 0.98 | 0.80 | |
≥ 24 | 0.39 | 0.28 | 0.23 | |
Stunted | ||||
Not stunted† | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
Moderately stunted | 1.17 | 1.21 | 1.19 | |
Severely stunted | 4.87** | 5.54** | 5.29** | |
Iron intake during pregnancy | ||||
No† | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
1–2 trimesters | 1.37 | 1.36 | ||
3 trimesters | 0.73 | 0.77 | ||
Mother's anemia | ||||
No/mild† | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Moderate/severe | 1.38 | 1.49 | ||
Mother's age at childbirth (years) | ||||
13–24† | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
25–34 | 0.61 | 0.62 | ||
35–49 | 0.40* | 0.40* | ||
Mother's BMI (kg/m 2 ) | ||||
18.5 – 24.9† | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
< 18.5 | 2.60 | 2.79 | ||
≥ 25.0 | 1.01 | 1.06 | ||
Mother's education | ||||
No education† | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Primary or less | 0.95 | 1.19 | ||
Secondary or higher | 1.20 | 1.73 | ||
Household wealth status | ||||
Low† | 1.00 | |||
Middle | 0.73 | |||
High | 0.98 | |||
Safe drinking water | ||||
No† | 1.00 | |||
Yes | 0.87 | |||
Hygienic toilet | ||||
No† | 1.00 | |||
Yes | 0.43*** | |||
Urban/rural | ||||
Urban† | 1.00 | |||
Rural | 1.00 | |||
Geographic region | ||||
Central† | 1.00 | |||
Northern | 0.92 | |||
Southern | 0.79 | |||
Number of children | 740 | 726 | 712 | 712 |