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Table 2 Changes in demographics and outcomes over time in the overall population.

From: Increasing illness severity in very low birth weight infants over a 9-year period

 

Cohort 1 1993–1996 n = 393

Cohort 2 1996–1999 n = 485

Cohort 3 1999–2002 n = 536

Birthweight (g)

1052 ± 297

1057 ± 277

1028 ± 284

Gestational Age (weeks)

28.3 ± 3.0

28.4 ± 2.9

27.8 ± 2.9 * †

Maternal age (years)

26.5 ± 5.9

26.6 ± 6.3

26.7 ± 6.7

Inborn

91%

88%

87%

Apgar score at 5 minutes (median, interquartile range)

8 (6–9)

8 (7–9)

8 (7–9)

Apgar score at 5 minutes <5

13%

8%

10%

Cesarean delivery

55%

57%

62% *

Antenatal steroids

48% ‡

66%

65% *

Antenatal antibiotics

34% ‡

50%

51% *

Preeclampsia

14% ‡

20%

24% *

HELLP syndrome

5%

4%

3%

Oligohydramnios

14%

11%

13%

Clinical chorioamnionitis

9%

7%

8%

Maternal fever

4%

2%

4%

Prolonged rupture of membranes

22%

22%

21%

Illicit maternal drug use

3%

2%

3%

Maternal diabetes

5%

3.5%

5%

Multiple gestation births

24%

24%

28%

Infertility

10%

7%

10%

Mechanical ventilation

78%

79%

83%

Rescue high frequency ventilation

13%

15%

22% *†

Exogenous surfactant replacement

63%

65%

75% *†

Postnatal dopamine

24% ‡

31%

35% *

Postnatal dexamethasone

19% ‡

25%

16% †

  1. *p < .05, Cohort 1v 3
  2. ‡p < .05, Cohort 1 vs 2
  3. †p < .05, Cohort 2 vs 3