Table 2 Epidemiologic Studies of SSPE
Country and years (reference) | Study method | Incidence and immunization status of population | SSPE cases per Measles cases in general population in relevant time period (cases of SSPE/million cases of measles) |
|---|---|---|---|
State of California, USA, 1998–2003 [41] | Passive surveillance. | 5 cases over 5.5 years. Active immunization. | 4 cases related to a 2 year epidemic of 16,400 cases of measles in California. (243 cases/million) |
Bulagria 1978–2002 [42],[43] | University hospital sample. | 40 cases over 25 years. No population figures given. Active immunization. | Not available. |
South China 1988–2002 [44] | Physician survey and hospital record diagnostic code search. | 5.5/million children. Active immunization. | At least 6 cases related to a epidemic of 4140 cases in one year. (1449 cases/million) |
England and Wales 1990–2002 [45] | Passive surveillance. | 47 cases (not all pediatric). No incidence figures given. Active immunization. | 1 case per 25,000 measles infections. 1 case per 5,500 if measles infection in first year. (40–200 cases/million) |
Japan 1977–1999 [46] | Unclear from abstract. | 0.58/million population | Not available. |
Papua New Guinea 1997–1999 [47] | Single hospital sample. | 98/million child population. Active immunization but poor coverage. | Not available. |
Australia 1995–1998 [48] | Active surveillance. | 0.02/100,000 children per year | Not available. |
Brazil 1990–1996 [49] | Survey of child neurologists with 84% response rate. | 48 cases over 7 years | Not available. |
USA 1980 [1] | Passive surveillance. | 0.06/million population under 20 years | 8.5 cases of SSPE/million cases of measles infection for 1960–1974. |