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Table 1 Between group comparisons in 5,450 subjects with Tourette Syndrome and Learning Disabilities (TS + LD) and Tourette Syndrome without learning disabilities(TS-LD) by gender, age, perinatal problems, and family history of tics.

From: Tourette syndrome and learning disabilities

 

TS + LD

TS - LD

 
 

n

(%)

n

(%)

p

Gender

     

   Female

159

(12.9)

857

(20.3)

<.001

   Male

1,076

(87.1)

3,355

(79.7)

 

Age of Onset of TS

     

   <= 4

261

(25.1)

922

(24.8)

.030

   5 to 7

517

(49.7)

1,709

(45.9)

 

   8 or Older

263

(25.3)

1,089

(29.3)

 

Age First Seen

     

   <= 17

1,071

(87.4)

3,118

(74.6)

<.001

   >17

154

(12.6)

1,063

(25.4)

 

Age Diagnosed

     

   <= 8

416

(35.8)

1,275

(32.5)

<.001

   9 to 12

488

(42.0)

1,366

(34.8)

 

   13 or Older

257

(22.1)

1,284

(32.7)

 

Perinatal Problems

     

   Yes

280

(26.9)

607

(17.1)

<.001

   No

761

(73.1)

2,945

(82.9)

 

Has a Child with Tics

     

   Yes

12

(1.0)

104

(2.6)

.002

   No

1,189

(99.0)

3,913

(97.4)

 

At Least One Family Member with Tics

    

   Yes

613

(51.0)

2,201

(54.8)

.024

   No

588

(49.0)

1,816

(45.2)

 

Two or More Family Members with Tics

    

   Yes

145

(12.1)

609

(15.2)

.009

   No

1,056

(87.9)

3,408

(84.8)

 

Has Severe Tics

     

   Yes

226

(18.3)

668

(15.9)

.046

   No

1,009

(81.7)

3,544

(84.1)

 
  1. Missing data alters the row and column totals for some variables.