Figure 2
From: Chronic pain treatment in children and adolescents: less is good, more is sometimes better
Comparison between outpatients vs. inpatients and between decliners vs. completers regarding clinically significant changes in pain intensity and disability. The figure shows the number of children with clinically significant changes in pain intensity and disability. The left part of the figure (a) shows the comparison between outpatients and inpatients. The right part (b) shows the comparison between decliners and completers. Clinically significant changes were defined according to Jacobson and Truax as i) statistical and reliable change between pre- and post-treatment scores, and ii) as patients’ move from a dysfunctional to a functional level. Cut-off for pain intensity was defined as a raw change of -1 on an NRS [21]. Cut-off for disability was defined as a PPDI-score of 23.09 (range: 12–60) based on previous studies [12].