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Table 6 Meta-analysis results of preterm and term breast milk mineral content over time

From: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the nutrient content of preterm and term breast milk

 

Preterm

Term

Preterm & term compared

Calcium (mg/dL)♦

Time frame:

mean

SD

n

mean

SD

n

% difference

p-value

d 1-3

25

9

50

26

6

26

−3

0.6

d 4-7

27

9

88

26

4

86

5

0.34

week 2

25

7

116

28

7

100

−10

0.002

week 3-4

25

6

108

27

5

85

−8

0.01

week 5-6

28

6

41

25

6

223

11

0.004

week 7-9

30

6

37

26

6

363

15

0.0002*

week 10-12

29

5

30

27

3

13

6

0.17

♦ References: [11–15, 23, 88, 129, 131, 145, 146]

Phosphate (mg/dL)♦♦

Time frame:

mean

SD

n

mean

SD

n

% difference

p-value

d 1-3

10

7

7

11

3

6

−14

0.62

d 4-7

13

4

79

13

4

86

3

0.50

week 2

15

3

67

15

4

90

−4

0.44

week 3-4

14

3

56

16

3

75

−14

0.0004*

week 5-6

13

2

33

16

3

213

−16

< 0.0001*

week 7-9

14

2

29

16

3

363

−13

0.002

week 10-12

12

2

22

14

3

13

−19

0.03

♦♦ References: [12, 13, 15, 23, 88, 129, 131, 146]

  1. *Statistically significant difference. In compensation for multiple comparisons, an approximate Bonferroni adjustment was made and the p-value for statistical significance was < 0.001.