From: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the nutrient content of preterm and term breast milk
Comparison: Bomb calorimetry energy measurement (kcal/dL)♦ | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Preterm |  |  | Term |  |  | Preterm & term compared | |
Time frame: | mean | SD | n | Mean | SD | n | % difference | p-value |
d 1-3 | 49 | 7 | 12 | 54 | 8 | 19 | −10 | 0.34 |
d 4-7 | 71 | 9 | 52 | 66 | 9 | 37 | 7 | 0.02 |
week 2 | 71 | 12 | 53 | 66 | 9 | 34 | 7 | 0.04 |
week 3-4 | 77 | 8 | 27 | 66 | 8 | 97 | 16 | < 0.00001* |
week 5-6 | 70 | 5 | 14 | 63 | 7 | 40 | 11 | < 0.00001* |
week 7-9 | 76 | 8 | 11 | 63 | 7 | 77 | 21 | < 0.00001* |
week 10-12 | - | - | - | 63 | 8 | 83 | - | - |
Energy meta-analysis was limited to 24Â hour collections | ||||||||
Comparison: Calculated energy content (kcal/dL)♦♦ | ||||||||
 | Preterm |  |  | Term |  |  | Preterm & term compared | |
Time frame: | mean | SD | n | Mean | SD | n | % difference | p-value |
d 1-3 | - | - | - | - | - | - | Â | Â |
d 4-7 | 65 | 13 | 41 | 68 | 9.6 | 48 | −5 | 0.21 |
week 2 | 70 | 14 | 95 | - | - | - | Â | Â |
week 3-4 | 68 | 8.0 | 135 | 70 | 9.3 | 46 | −2 | 0.26 |
week 5-6 | 67 | 6.9 | 79 | - | - | - | Â | Â |
week 7-9 | 66 | 8.9 | 63 | 69 | 9.9 | 43 | −4 | 0.16 |
week 10-12 | 66 | 14 | 14 | 68 | 9.0 | 95 | −3 | 0.50 |
Comparison: Measured vs. calculated energy | ||||||||
 | Preterm |  | Term |  |  |  |  |  |
 | Difference | % difference | p-value | Difference | % difference | p-value |  |  |
d 1-3 | Â | - | - | Â | - | - | Â | Â |
d 4-7 | 6 | −9% | 0.009 | −2 | 2% | 0.350 |  |  |
week 2 | 1 | −2% | 0.66 |  |  |  |  |  |
week 3-4 | 9 | −11% | < 0.00001* | −3 | 5% | 0.007 |  |  |
week 5-6 | 3 | −5% | 0.11 |  |  |  |  |  |
week 7-9 | 10 | −13% | 0.0009* | −6 | 9% | 0.0003* |  |  |
week 10-12 |  |  |  | −5 | 9% | 0.0002* |  |  |