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Table 3 Patterns of developmental delays among preschool children with at least one delay in individual development*

From: Clustering of developmental delays in Bavarian preschool children – a repeated cross-sectional survey over a period of 12 years

Subareas of development

Pattern 1

Pattern 2

Pattern 3

Pattern 4

Pattern 5

 

Isolated disorders of pronunciation

Combined delays of pronunciation, grammar, rhythm of speech and psychosocial development

Delays in development of memory, concentration, endurance, abstraction and visual perception

Delays of fine body coordination and grapho-motor coordination

Combination of delays in cognitive and motor development

Gross motor

0%

23%

0.12

21%

41%

Fine body coordination

0%

0%

0%

93%

94%

Grapho-motor coordination

0%

0%

0%

68%

77%

Pronunciation

100%

30%

21%

22

30%

Grammar

0%

29%

8%

4%

21%

Rhythm of speech

0%

34%

3%

5%

10%

Memory and concentration

0%

6%

69%

0%

88%

Endurance

0%

1%

39%

1%

58%

Abstraction

0%

0%

21%

0%

26%

Visual perception

0%

1%

31%

3%

29%

Arithmetic

0%

1%

23%

4%

30%

Psychosocial

0%

28%

27%

11%

33%

  1. *Presented are the percentages of children presenting delays among those identified as members of the specific cluster; the dominating delays for each cluster are marked in bold and used for the description of the cluster.