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Table 1 Modification of "Bavarian School Entry Model" used in the current study for the assessment of developmental delays

From: Clustering of developmental delays in Bavarian preschool children – a repeated cross-sectional survey over a period of 12 years

Assessment

Main areas of development

Subareas

Standardized investigation procedures

Biomedical

Motor

Gross motor

Standing on one leg (at least 10 s, both legs, max. 3 trials), jumping on one leg (at least 5 times on each leg), walking like a rope dancer (20 steps forwards and backwards), walking and clasping hands (walk a 10 m walk a 10 m walk clasping hands at each step)

  

Fine body coordination

Finger-opposition-test (touching with the thumb all other fingers from 2 to five and backwards, max. 3-4 s pro sequence, per hand), fist-palm-test (one hand clenched to fist the other as palm and change of hands 7-10 times in 10 s), thumb-palm-test (as previous one but with the thumb and palm)

  

Grapho-motor coordination

Painting of a human figure (head with eyes, mouth, ears, hairs, body and hands and legs), tracing of geometric shapes (four shapes: circle, cross, triangle, square), colouring of objects (colouring should stay within shapes), drawing of curved lines (line should stay within a curved 15 cm long 1 cm wide area), connecting points with a straight line (two points in 15 cm distance should be connected by a straight line)

 

Language

Pronunciation

Repeating words (8-10 words with specific consonants and vocals have to be repeated), repeating simple sentences (7 defined sentence with increasing difficulties); repeating nonsense-words (7 defined non-sense words with specific consonants and vocals) (one misspelling is acceptable)

  

Grammar

Retelling a short story (5 sentences), explaining rules of a known game (for example football)

  

Rhythm of speech

Repeating of longer sentences with specific sounds

 

Cognition

Memory & concentration

Repeating sentences with 7-10 words including 3 adjectives; repeating 4 single numbers in a correct sequence

  

Endurance

Capacity to attend during the examination (15-20 minutes)

  

Abstraction

Building pairs (14 pictures with household goods), finding a common subject of various objects, finding difference between pictures

  

Visual perception

Recognition of simple geometric figures or silhouettes of figures and animals

  

Arithmetics

Counting from 1 to 10 in correct sequence

Psychological

Psychosocial

 

Erratic behaviour, overly bonded mother (no separation possible during examination), hostility towards examiner

   

Major emotional mood

   

Psycho-motor agitation, inability to sit calmly during examination

  1. Note: There is some overlap between tests for fine motor and grapho-motor development, requiring interpretation by the attending expert.