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Table 3 Multivariate multinomial logistic regression predicting average and high overall academic achievement

From: Fitness, fatness, and academic performance in seventh-grade elementary school students

Characteristic

Unadjusted model

Adjusted model

 

Average academic achievement

High academic achievement

Average academic achievement

High academic achievement

 

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

Gendera

    

 Female

1.04 (0.80-1.36)

1.16 (0.85-1.58)

1.12 (0.86-1.62)

1.57 (1.09-2.26)*

Weight statusb

    

 Overweight

1.59 (0.98-2.59)

2.63 (1.27-5.47)**

1.49 (0.91-2.44)

2.22 (1.05-4.66)*

 Normal weight

2.09 (1.34-3.25)**

4.98 (2.53-9.81)***

1.88 (1.18-2.98)**

3.72 (1.85-7.49)***

Cardiorespiratory fitnessc

    

 Fit

1.36 (1.02-1.81)*

2.27 (1.57-3.26)***

1.31 (0.92-1.88)

2.27 (1.46-3.52)***

  1. OR – Odds ratio; CI – confidence interval.
  2. Multinomial Logistic Regression with maximum-likelihood ratio was tested for selected variables. Low academic achievement is the reference group for outcome. In the unadjusted model each variable was tested independently as a predictor of academic achievement. In the adjusted model, the effect of cohorts was controlled and all the variables were tested in the same model, controlling the effect of each other.
  3. aReference category is "male".
  4. bReference category is "obese".
  5. cReference category is "unfit".
  6. *p <0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.