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Table 2 Observable pain management strategies used post immunization

From: Too many crying babies: a systematic review of pain management practices during immunizations on YouTube

Strategy (n = 120)

N (%)

Distraction using singing or talking*

94 (79.7)

 Talking only

90 (76.3)

 Singing and talking

4 (3.4)

Holding (any position)

65 (54.2)

 Front-to-front

34 (28.3)

 Front-to-back

7 (5.8)

 Front-to-side

21 (17.5)

 Combination of positions

3 (2.5)

Non-nutritive sucking

13 (9.2)

Distraction using any toy

10 (7.0)

 Noisy toy

4 (2.8)

 Silent toy

6 (4.2)

  1. *2 missing – could not distinguish if singing or talking was used.