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Table 2 Frequency of classic signs associated with anal abuse in cases and controls

From: Anal signs of child sexual abuse: a case–control study

    

Unadjusted

Adjusted+

Sign

Cases

Controls

LR*

OR

P

OR

95% CI

Reflex anal dilatation

41

22%

0

 

40.1

51.3

<.0001

62.35

8.4 - 462

Gaping

5

2.7%

0

 

4.9

5.0

0.12

  

Laxity/reduced anal tone

49

27%

5

2.8%

9.6

4.9

<.0001

13.7

5.3 - 35.8

Reddening/Erythema

56

30%

15

8.3%

3.6

4.9

<.0001

5.3

2.8 - 10.0

Perianal venous congestion

66

36%

1

0.6%

59.8

99.6

<.0001

101

13.8 - 743

Fissure/laceration

26

14%

2

1.1%

12.8

14.6

<.0001

13.5

3.1 - 58

Tag

8

4.3%

10

5.6%

0.8

0.8

>0.5

  

Scar

10

5.4%

0

 

9.0

10.3

0.002

8.2

1.0 - 66.4

Anal or perianal bruising

0

 

0

      

None of the above signs

48

26%

150

84%

0.31

0.07

<.0001

0.059

0.03 - 0.10

More than one sign

79

43%

2

1.1%

38.6

66.6

<.0001

74

17.7 - 311

Total number

184

 

179

      
  1. *To prevent division by zero error, for each signs where no control manifest that sign, one dummy female control has been added positive for that sign, with mean values for age and date.