Laboratory testing and diagnostic coding for cytomegalovirus among privately insured infants in the United States: a retrospective study using administrative claims data

Table 2 CMV-specific testing ^a by presence or absence of a code for CMV-associated conditions among infants ≤1 month of age and infants with routine laboratory testing, MarketScan 2011 ^bc

CMV-associated condition^c	Infants N=368,266			Infants with Routine Laboratory Testing^d N=38,344
	Total	Tested	P-value	Total	Tested	P-value
	#	# (%)	P-value	#	# (%)	P-value
Chorioretinitis
No	368,253	229 (0.06)	1.00	38,340	129 (0.34)	1.00
Yes	13	0 (0.00)		4	0 (0.00)
Encephalitis
No	368,254	229 (0.06)	1.00	38,344	129 (0.34)	NA
Yes	12	0 (0.00)		0
Hepatomegaly
No	368,221	224 (0.06)	<0.01	38,336	126 (0.33)	<0.01
Yes	45	5 (11.11)		8	3 (37.50)
Jaundice
No	257,269	175 (0.07)	0.03	24,584	92 (0.37)	0.09
Yes	110,997	54 (0.05)		13,760	37 (0.27)
Low Birth Weight
No	334,333	90 (0.03)	<0.01	34,570	46 (0.13)	<0.01
Yes	33,933	139 (0.41)		3,774	83 (2.20)
Microcephaly
No	368,151	224 (0.06)	<0.01	38,328	127 (0.33)	<0.01
Yes	115	5 (4.35)		16	2 (12.50)
Other Congenital Anomalies of Nervous System
No	367,278	205 (0.06)	<0.01	38,206	116 (0.30)	<0.01
Yes	988	24 (2.43)		138	13 (9.42)
Petechiae
No	366,616	228 (0.06)	1.00	38,134	129 (0.34)	1.00
Yes	1,650	1 (0.06)		210	0 (0.00)
Seizures
No	367,209	208 (0.06)	<0.01	38,210	116 (0.30)	<0.01
Yes	1,057	21 (1.99)		134	13 (9.70)
Splenomegaly
No	368,256	229 (0.06)	1.00	38,343	129 (0.34)	1.00
Yes	10	0 (0.00)		1	0 (0.00)
Thrombocytopenia
No	367,146	193 (0.05)	<0.01	38,156	108 (0.28)	<0.01
Yes	1,120	36 (3.21)		188	21 (11.17)
Any of the above 11 CMV-associated conditions
No	231,409	42 (0.02)	<0.01	21,968	19 (0.09)	<0.01
Yes	136,857	187 (0.14)		16,376	110 (0.67)

^a CMV-specific testing includes CMV serologic testing (CMV IgG, CMV IgM, and CMV EIA), CMV DFA, and CMV PCR testing. (See Additional file 1: Table S1 for CPT codes).
^bInfants are defined as enrollees ≤ 1 month of age with ≥1 medical claim within 30 days of a newborn code (defined as either a code for live birth, or observation and evaluation of newborns and infants; codes defined in Additional file 1: Table S1).
^cSee Additional file 1: Table S1 for ICD-9-CM and CPT codes used to identify CMV-associated conditions.
^d Infants with ≥1 codes for other routinely recommended laboratory tests that are typically performed on infants as part of standard care. These tests included phenylketonuria, hypothyroidism, galactosemia, and hemoglobinopathies.

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