Skip to main content

Table 4 Results of cotinine in urine before and after the intervention

From: How to minimize children’s environmental tobacco smoke exposure: an intervention in a clinical setting in high risk areas

Outcome groups

Base-line value

Follow-up value

Drop-outs

 

n = 73

n = 73

 
  

n = 9

 

<6 ng/ml**

>6 ng/ml

<6 ng/ml**

>6 ng/ml

 

Quit smoking (n = 9)

6

3

8

1*

 

From indoor smoking to outdoor smoking (n = 9)

5

1

5

1*

3

Indoor smoking only (n = 20)

6

13

11

8

1

From outdoor smoking to indoor smoking (n = 7)

4

2

4

2

1

Outdoor smoking only (n = 37)

22

11

26

7

4

Summary

43

30

54

19

9

  1. *The children often meet smoking grandparents.
  2. A value <6 ng/ml was estimated as the limit of non-measurable ETS exposure.