Table 3 Generalised estimating equation model of mothers taking any action to help their husbands stop smoking at 3-, 6- and 12-month follow-ups (n = 1283)†

Treatment group

    - Intervention

1.72

(1.46, 2.02)

<.001***

    - Control

1

Baseline factors (mothers’ knowledge)

    • Knowledge of the health hazards of active and passive smoking (scale: 0 – 5)

1.07§

(1.01, 1.13)

.03*

Baseline factors (mothers’ attitudes)

    • Perceiving smokers can quit successfully if they are determined

1.05

(0.87, 1.27)

.62

    • Perceiving that family support and encouragement can help a smoker quit

0.94

(0.77, 1.14)

.53

Baseline factors (mothers’ perceptions)

    • Intend to help their husbands quit smoking in the next month

1.51

(1.21, 1.88)

<.001***

    • Think their husbands will quit or/reduce smoking in the next three months

1.29

(1.07, 1.56)

<.01**

Baseline factors (mothers’ actions)

    • Have at some time advised their husbands to quit smoking

1.47

(1.11, 1.94)

<.01**

    • Have at some time taken action(s) to help their husbands to quit smoking

1.21

(1.02, 1.44)

.03*

Baseline factors (fathers’ smoking and quitting profiles)

    • Fathers’ smoking history

       - > 10 years

1.90

(1.49, 2.42)

<.001***

       - 6 to 10 years

1.79

(1.33, 2.40)

<.001***

       - ≤ 5 years

1

    • Fathers making an attempt to stop in the past 12 months

1.28

(1.01, 1.60)

.04*

    • Fathers stopping smoking for seven days or longer in that attempt

1.07

(0.89, 1.29)

.49