Table 4 Demographic and clinical characteristics of sporadic preaxial polydactyly type I (PPD1) and familial polydactyly (all types)
Characteristic | Sporadic PPD1 | Familial Polydactyly | |
|---|---|---|---|
N = 459$ | N = 353$ | P-value | |
OR [95% CI] | |||
Count (%) | Count (%) | ||
Gender | |||
Female (reference) | 200 (43.6%) | 154 (43.6%) | 0.99 (NS) |
Male | 257 (56%) | 198 (56.1%) | 1.00 [0.75, 1.32] |
Residence type | |||
Urban (reference) | 282 (61.8%) | 210 (60%) | 0.60 (NS) |
Rural | 174 (38.2%) | 140 (40%) | 0.93 [0.70, 1.23] |
Maternal age # | |||
19 years and less | 36 (7.8%) | 28 (7.9%) | |
20-24 | 147 (32%) | 94 (26.6%) | |
25-29 | 147 (32%) | 128 (36.3%) | 0.55 (NS) |
30-34 | 91 (19.8%) | 61 (17.3%) | 0.99 [0.95, 1.03] |
35-39 | 28 (6.1%) | 28 (7.9%) | |
40 years and more | 5 (1.1%) | 13 (3.7%) | |
Paternal age # | |||
19 years and less | 11 (2.4%) | 6 (1.7%) | |
20-24 | 81 (17.6%) | 52 (14.7%) | |
25-29 | 154 (33.6%) | 115 (32.6%) | |
30-34 | 115 (25.1%) | 84 (23.8%) | 0.23 (NS) |
35-39 | 54 (11.8%) | 49 (13.9%) | 0.98 [0.95, 1.01] |
40-44 | 24 (5.2%) | 26 (7.4%) | |
45-49 | 5 (1.1%) | 9 (2.5%) | |
50 years and more | 0 (0%) | 3 (0.8%) | |
Maternal education * | |||
Elementary and incomplete elementary | 63 (13.7%) | 41 (11.6%) | |
Vocational | 115 (25.1%) | 105 (29.7%) | 0.32 (NS) |
Secondary | 160 (34.9%) | 106 (30%) | 1.10 [0.91, 1.33] |
Higher | 94 (20.5%) | 87 (24.6%) | |
Paternal education * | |||
Elementary and incomplete elementary | 51 (11.1%) | 32 (9.1%) | 0.01 |
Vocational | 196 (42.7%) | 135 (38.2%) | 0.76 [0.62, 0.93] |
Secondary | 119 (25.9%) | 96 (27.2%) | |
Higher | 55 (12%) | 65 (18.4%) | |
Birthweight [per 500 g body weight] | |||
500-999 g | 2 (0.4%) | 1 (0.3%) | |
1000-1499 | 6 (1.3%) | 1 (0.3%) | |
1500-1999 | 9 (2%) | 4 (1.1%) | |
2000-2499 | 25 (5.4%) | 10 (2.8%) | <0.0001 |
2500-2999 | 100 (21.8%) | 46 (13%) | 0.74 [0.65, 0.84] |
3000-3499 | 175 (38.1%) | 140 (39.7%) | |
3500-3999 | 101 (22%) | 102 (28.9%) | |
4000-4499 | 29 (6.3%) | 41 (11.6%) | |
4500 g and more | 4 (0.9%) | 4 (1.1%) | |
Pregnancy length | |||
under 28 weeks | 1 (0.2%) | 1 (0.3%) | |
28-31 | 7 (1.5%) | 3 (0.8%) | 0.21 (NS) |
32-36 | 26 (5.7%) | 15 (4.2%) | 0.95 [0.89, 1.03] |
37-41 | 397 (86.5%) | 305 (86.4%) | |
42 weeks and more | 20 (4.4%) | 18 (5.1%) | |
Pregnancy order | |||
1 | 217 (47.3%) | 155 (43.9%) | |
2 | 147 (32%) | 115 (32.6%) | |
3 | 48 (10.5%) | 39 (11%) | 0.13 (NS) |
4 | 29 (6.3%) | 15 (4.2%) | 0.92 [0.83, 1.03] |
5 | 5 (1.1%) | 12 (3.4%) | |
6 | 6 (1.3%) | 5 (1.4%) | |
7 and further | 4 (0.9%) | 7 (2%) | |
Birth order | |||
1 | 237 (51.6%) | 166 (47%) | |
2 | 152 (33.1%) | 117 (33.1%) | |
3 | 37 (8.1%) | 35 (9.9%) | 0.047 |
4 | 19 (4.1%) | 12 (3.4%) | 0.89 [0.78, 0.998] |
5 | 5 (1.1%) | 8 (2.3%) | |
6 | 4 (0.9%) | 6 (1.7%) | |
7 and further | 2 (0.4%) | 4 (1.1%) | |
Number of spontaneous abortions for 2nd or further pregnancy | |||
No (reference) | 182 (75.2%) | 155 (78.3%) | 0.30 (NS) |
Yes | 57 (23.6%) | 38 (19.2%) | 1.28 [0.80, 2.04] |