From: Simultaneous atelectasis in human bocavirus infected monozygotic twins: was it plastic bronchitis?
Seear et al. 1997 (3) | Madsen et al. 2005 (4) | ||
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Associated disease | Histology | Pathophysiology | |
Type I (inflammatory) casts | Asthma and atopic diseases | Fibrin with a dense eosinophilic infiltrate, Charcot-Leyden crystals | Hypersecretion of viscous mucus (dyscrasia) |
- acute presentation | |||
Type II (acellular) casts | Lymphatic disorders | Chylous casts sometimes containing fibrin | Incompetence of lymphatic valves, mechanical disruption of the thoracic duct or one of its large tributaries, lymphangiectasia, lymphangiomatosis |
- chronic or recurrent | |||
Structural congenital heart disease | Acellular mucinous casts | High pulmonary venous pressure leading to an abnormal response of the bronchial epithelium resulting in excess mucus production | |
Sickle cell disease | Fibrinous material composition and pigmented histiocytes in the surrounding fluid | Ischemia of the bronchial tree caused by vaso-occlusion leading to ciliary motility dysfunction |