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Table 3 Maternal and paternal region of birth by childhood autism in cases and controls

From: The risk of childhood autism among second-generation migrants in Finland: a case–control study

 

Cases

Controls

OR (95% CI)

p

AdjustedaOR (95% CI)

p

 

n

%

n

%

    

Mothers

        

Finnish

1 058

93.9

4 340

96.2

Ref.

 

Ref.

 

Western countries

10

0.9

29

0.6

1.4 (0.7-2.9)

0.36

1.4 (0.7-2.9)

0.37

Former Soviet Union and former Yugoslavia

29

2.6

65

1.4

1.8 (1.2-2.8)

0.008

1.8 (1.2-2.9)

0.007

Sub-Saharan Africa

10

0.9

36

0.8

1.2 (0.6-2.4)

0.68

1.2 (0.6-2.6)

0.57

North Africa, Middle East

2

0.2

14

0.3

0.6 (0.1-2.6)

0.49

0.6 (0.1-2.7)

0.50

Asia

18

1.6

28

0.6

2.6 (1.4-4.7)

0.002

2.6 (1.4-4.7)

0.002

Fathers

        

Finnish

1 069

94.9

4 344

96.3

Ref.

 

Ref.

 

Western countries

8

0.7

43

1.0

0.7 (0.4-1.6)

0.46

0.7 (0.4-1.6)

0.45

Former Soviet Union and former Yugoslavia

15

1.3

35

0.8

1.7 (0.95-3.2)

0.07

1.8 (0.97-3.3)

0.06

Sub-Saharan Africa

13

1.2

38

0.8

1.4 (0.7-2.8)

0.29

1.5 (0.8-3.0)

0.21

North Africa, Middle East

9

0.8

38

0.8

1.0 (0.5-2.0)

0.90

1.0 (0.5-2.1)

0.98

Asia

13

1.2

12

0.3

4.4 (2.0-9.6)

<0.001

4.4 (2.0-9.5)

<0.001

  1. aAdjusted for parental age. OR=odds ratio, CI=confidence interval.