Diagnostic category | Criteria |
---|---|
Asthma | 1) Cough, wheeze, difficulty in breathing (at least one) |
Highly probable if 4 of 5 are present | 2) Recurrent cough, wheeze and/or difficulty in breathing, positive history of atopy in child (eczema, rhinitis, food, conjunctivitis), history of asthma in first degree relative (at least one) |
3) Fast breathing, chest in drawing, prolonged expiration, rhonchi (at least 3) | |
4) Good response to bronchodilators | |
5) Chest x-ray: normal or hyperinflation | |
Bronchiolitis | 1) Age less than 2 years, cough, difficulty in breathing, index episode of wheeze (all must be present) |
Highly probable if 1 and any other criteria are present | 2) Fast breathing, prolonged expiration, chest in-drawing, rhonchi (at least two) |
3) Total white cell count ≤15x109cells/l, CRP < 40 mg/l, positive RSV (at least one) | |
4) Chest x-ray: normal or hyperinflation | |
Bacterial pneumonia | 1) Fever, cough and or difficulty in breathing (at least two) |
Highly probable if 4 of 5 are present | 2) Axillary temperature ≥38°C, fast breathing, chest indrawing (at least 2) |
3) CRP 40 mg/l, total white cell count ≤ 15 ×109 cells/l, Neutrophils ≥65% (at least one) | |
4) Positive blood culture | |
5) Chest x-ray: alveolar infiltrates, consolidation, pleural effusion (at least one) | |
Viral pneumonia | 1) Fever, cough, difficulty in breathing (at least one) |
Highly probable if 3 of 4 are present | 2) Axillary temperature ≥38°C, fast breathing, chest indrawing (at least 2) |
3) CRP <40 mg/l, total white cell count <15 ×109 cells/l, lymphocytes ≥45%, positive RSV (at least one) | |
4) Chest x-ray: normal or diffuse infiltrates |