From: Prevalence of low back pain in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis
Quality item | k | p + | 95% | C. I. | ANOVA results |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |  |  | p l | p u |  |
Target population described: | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Yes | 21 | 0.416 | 0.346 | 0.489 | Q B(1) = 0.77, p = .380; R 2 = 0.0 |
 No | 9 | 0.358 | 0.260 | 0.469 | Q W(28) = 4942.26, p < .001 |
Non response described: | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Yes | 5 | 0.486 | 0.401 | 0.572 | Q B(1) = 4.42, p = .036; R 2 = 0.676 |
 No | 20 | 0.384 | 0.343 | 0.427 | Q W(23) = 1162.44, p < .001 |
Response rate reported: | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Yes | 27 | 0.403 | 0.343 | 0.467 | Q B(1) = 0.21, p = .648; R 2 = 0.0 |
 No | 3 | 0.358 | 0.202 | 0.551 | Q W(28) = 4910.99, p < .001 |
Direct reporting from subjects: | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Yes | 26 | 0.411 | 0.344 | 0.480 | Q B(1) = 0.87, p = .352; R 2 = 0.0 |
 No | 4 | 0.326 | 0.190 | 0.498 | Q W(28) = 4853.39, p < .001 |
Validated instrument: | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Yes | 26 | 0.400 | 0.339 | 0.464 | Q B(1) = 1.32, p = .250; R 2 = 0.015 |
 No | 3 | 0.517 | 0.332 | 0.698 | Q W(27) = 4754.11, p < .001 |
Delimitation of pain: | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Yes | 20 | 0.472 | 0.413 | 0.532 | Q B(1) = 17.98, p < .001; R 2 = 0.376 |
 No | 10 | 0.266 | 0.205 | 0.338 | Q W(28) = 2192.08, p < .001 |
Specification of pain: | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Questionnaire | 16 | 0.399 | 0.316 | 0.487 | Q B(1) = 0.00, p = .999; R 2 = 0.0 |
 Interview | 14 | 0.399 | 0.311 | 0.494 | Q W(28) = 4635.79, p < .001 |