From: First-attack pediatric hypertensive crisis presenting to the pediatric emergency department
 | Age (years) |  |  | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | <1 (n = 7) | 1–6 (n = 5) | 7–12 (n = 19) | 13–18 (n = 24) |  |  | ||||
Variables | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | P-value1 | P-value2 |
Gender | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Female | 0 | 0.0 | 3 | 60.0 | 4 | 21.1 | 2 | 8.3 | 0.037 | 0.517 |
 Male | 7 | 100.0 | 2 | 40.0 | 15 | 78.9 | 22 | 91.7 |  |  |
Family history | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 2 | 10.5 | 6 | 25.0 | 0.362 | 0.049 |
Blood Pressure | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 SBP > 99th percentile +5 | 7 | 100.0 | 4 | 80.0 | 19 | 100.0 | 24 | 100.0 | 0.091 | 0.282 |
 DBP > 99th percentile +5 | 6 | 85.7 | 3 | 60.0 | 14 | 73.7 | 19 | 79.2 | 0.779 | 0.955 |
 Stage of hypertension |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
  Stage 1 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 20.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.108 | 0.313 |
  Stage 2 | 7 | 100.0 | 4 | 80.0 | 19 | 100.0 | 24 | 100.0 |  |  |
Clinical presentations | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Altered Consciousness | 2 | 28.6 | 2 | 40.0 | 2 | 10.5 | 3 | 12.5 | 0.068 | 0.372 |
 Headache | 0 | 0.0 | 3 | 60.0 | 13 | 68.4 | 14 | 58.3 | 0.085 | 0.054 |
 Nausea/Vomiting | 2 | 28.6 | 2 | 40.0 | 8 | 42.1 | 8 | 33.3 | 0.922 | 0.960 |
 Visual symptoms | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 2 | 8.3 | 0.693 | 0.201 |
 Seizure | 1 | 14.3 | 2 | 40.0 | 1 | 5.3 | 2 | 8.3 | 0.142 | 0.282 |
 Dizzy | 2 | 28.6 | 0 | 0.0 | 11 | 57.9 | 12 | 50.0 | 0.094 | 0.130 |
 Chest pain | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 20.0 | 8 | 42.1 | 7 | 29.2 | 0.195 | 0.187 |
 End-organ damage | 2 | 28.6 | 2 | 40.0 | 3 | 15.8 | 2 | 8.3 | 0.178 | 0.086 |
Reversibility | 3 | 42.9 | 3 | 60.0 | 9 | 47.4 | 13 | 54.2 | 0.931 | 0.701 |
Anti-HTN drugs | 2 | 28.6 | 2 | 40.0 | 10 | 52.6 | 16 | 66.7 | 0.285 | 0.054 |
Etiology | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Essential HTN | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 20.0 | 8 | 42.1 | 15 | 62.5 | 0.008 | 0.001 |
 Renal disease | 3 | 42.9 | 1 | 20.0 | 6 | 31.6 | 4 | 16.7 | 0.423 | 0.166 |
 CNS | 2 | 28.6 | 1 | 20.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 4.1 | 0.202 | 0.120 |
 Endocrine/metabolic | 1 | 14.3 | 1 | 20.0 | 3 | 15.8 | 4 | 16.7 | 0.952 | 0.358 |
 CV | 1 | 14.3 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 5.3 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.252 | 0.117 |
 Oncology | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 25.0 | 1 | 5.3 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.092 | 0.389 |
Recurrent episode | 4 | 57.1 | 1 | 20.0 | 5 | 26.3 | 6 | 25.0 | 0.440 | 0.196 |
Severity | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Urgency | 5 | 71.4 | 3 | 60.0 | 16 | 84.2 | 22 | 91.7 | 0.178 | 0.086 |
 Emergency | 2 | 28.6 | 2 | 40.0 | 3 | 15.8 | 2 | 8.3 |  |  |
Hospitalization | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Ward | 3 | 42.9 | 4 | 80.0 | 8 | 42.1 | 9 | 37.5 | 0.425 | 0.398 |
 ICU | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 20.0 | 3 | 15.8 | 3 | 12.5 | 0.271 | 0.886 |
 POU | 4 | 57.1 | 0 | 0.0 | 8 | 42.1 | 12 | 50.0 | 1.000 | 0.565 |