Skip to main content

Table 1 Characteristics of the patients with hypertensive crisis by age group

From: First-attack pediatric hypertensive crisis presenting to the pediatric emergency department

 

Age (years)

  
 

<1 (n = 7)

1–6 (n = 5)

7–12 (n = 19)

13–18 (n = 24)

  

Variables

N

%

N

%

N

%

N

%

P-value1

P-value2

Gender

          

 Female

0

0.0

3

60.0

4

21.1

2

8.3

0.037

0.517

 Male

7

100.0

2

40.0

15

78.9

22

91.7

  

Family history

0

0.0

0

0.0

2

10.5

6

25.0

0.362

0.049

Blood Pressure

          

 SBP > 99th percentile +5

7

100.0

4

80.0

19

100.0

24

100.0

0.091

0.282

 DBP > 99th percentile +5

6

85.7

3

60.0

14

73.7

19

79.2

0.779

0.955

 Stage of hypertension

          

  Stage 1

0

0.0

1

20.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

0.108

0.313

  Stage 2

7

100.0

4

80.0

19

100.0

24

100.0

  

Clinical presentations

          

 Altered Consciousness

2

28.6

2

40.0

2

10.5

3

12.5

0.068

0.372

 Headache

0

0.0

3

60.0

13

68.4

14

58.3

0.085

0.054

 Nausea/Vomiting

2

28.6

2

40.0

8

42.1

8

33.3

0.922

0.960

 Visual symptoms

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

2

8.3

0.693

0.201

 Seizure

1

14.3

2

40.0

1

5.3

2

8.3

0.142

0.282

 Dizzy

2

28.6

0

0.0

11

57.9

12

50.0

0.094

0.130

 Chest pain

0

0.0

1

20.0

8

42.1

7

29.2

0.195

0.187

 End-organ damage

2

28.6

2

40.0

3

15.8

2

8.3

0.178

0.086

Reversibility

3

42.9

3

60.0

9

47.4

13

54.2

0.931

0.701

Anti-HTN drugs

2

28.6

2

40.0

10

52.6

16

66.7

0.285

0.054

Etiology

          

 Essential HTN

0

0.0

1

20.0

8

42.1

15

62.5

0.008

0.001

 Renal disease

3

42.9

1

20.0

6

31.6

4

16.7

0.423

0.166

 CNS

2

28.6

1

20.0

0

0.0

1

4.1

0.202

0.120

 Endocrine/metabolic

1

14.3

1

20.0

3

15.8

4

16.7

0.952

0.358

 CV

1

14.3

0

0.0

1

5.3

0

0.0

0.252

0.117

 Oncology

0

0.0

1

25.0

1

5.3

0

0.0

0.092

0.389

Recurrent episode

4

57.1

1

20.0

5

26.3

6

25.0

0.440

0.196

Severity

          

 Urgency

5

71.4

3

60.0

16

84.2

22

91.7

0.178

0.086

 Emergency

2

28.6

2

40.0

3

15.8

2

8.3

  

Hospitalization

          

 Ward

3

42.9

4

80.0

8

42.1

9

37.5

0.425

0.398

 ICU

0

0.0

1

20.0

3

15.8

3

12.5

0.271

0.886

 POU

4

57.1

0

0.0

8

42.1

12

50.0

1.000

0.565

  1. 1by Fisher’s exact test.
  2. 2by the chi-square test for trend.
  3. SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; HTN: hypertension; CNS: central nervous systems; CV: cardio-vascular; ICU: intensive care unit; POU: pediatric observation unit.