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Table 2 Increase in pain score values (CRIES and PIPP) 30 seconds after ROP screening examination: Stratified comparison of the difference between techniques

From: Pain and stress assessment after retinopathy of prematurity screening examination: Indirect ophthalmoscopy versus digital retinal imaging

Determinant

Increase in pain score from baseline to 30 seconds following examination

CRIES score

PIPP score

WFDRI

BIO

Difference between strata

WFDRI

BIO

Difference between strata

Mean(SD)

Mean(SD)

(pvalue)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

(pvalue)

Gestational age:

- ≤ 26 weeks (n=18)

1.56 (1.3)

2.06 (1.7)

0.03*

2.28 (1.9)

3.28 (2.1)

0.51

- > 26 weeks (n=17)

0.88 (1.1)

2.53 (1.0)

1.88 (1.9)

3.47 (2.2)

Location:

- NICU (n=14)

0.79 (1.1)

2.07 (1.7)

0.52

2.14 (1.6)

4.00 (2.2)

0.29

- Intermediate (n=21)

1.52 (1.3)

2.43 (1.2)

2.05 (2.1)

2.95 (2.1)

Order of screening exam:

- 1st exam (n=20)

1.00 (0.9)

2.20 (1.6)

0.56

2.05 (1.9)

3.70 (2.0)

0.35

- >1st exam (n=15)

1.53 (1.6)

2.40 (1.1)

2.13 (2.0)

2.93 (2.5)

Respiratory support

- no/n. cannula (n=31)

1.32 (1.2)

2.19 (1.3)

0.06

2.06 (1.9)

3.16 (2.1)

0.24

- CPAP or ET (n=4)

0.50 (1.2)

3.00 (2.1)

2.25 (2.2)

5.00 (2.1)

  1. Abbreviations: CRIES score, Crying, Requires oxygen, Increased vital signs, Expression and Sleeplessness; PIPP score, Premature Infant Pain Profile; ROP, retinopathy of prematurity; WFDRI, wide-field digital imaging; BIO, Binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy; SD, standard deviation; ET, Endotraqueal tube; CPAP, Continuous positive airway pressure.