Table 2 Characteristics of study participants by HIV status (n = 671), Agincourt, South Africa (2007)
From: Nutritional status and HIV in rural South African children
Characteristic | All [n = 671] | HIV- [n = 612] | HIV+ [n = 28] | Unknown status [n = 31] | P-Value [comparing all three categories] | P-value [comparing HIV- & HIV+ only] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Child Characteristics | ||||||
Child age in years [mean (SD)] (n = 671)1 | 3.1 [1.1] | 3.1 [1.1] | 3.1 [1.2] | 3.3 [1.0] | 0.636 | 0.968 |
Child Sex (%) (n = 670) | ||||||
Boys (n = 338) | 50.3 | 50.8 | 35.7 | 54.8 | ||
Girls (n = 333) | 49.6 | 49.2 | 64.3 | 45.2 | 0.259 | 0.118 |
Birth weight (continuous) [mean (SD)] (n = 522) | 3.1 [0.49] | 3.1 [0.48] | 2.9 [0.54] | 3.2 [0.62] | 0.062 | 0.029 |
Birth weight categories (%) (n = 522) | ||||||
Low; <2.5 kg (n = 54) | 10.3 | 9.9 | 16.0 | 14.3 | 0.515 | 0.323 |
Normal; 2.5 kg (n = 468) | 89.7 | 90.1 | 84.0 | 85.7 | ||
Maternal Characteristics | ||||||
Mother's age (%) (n = 659) | ||||||
15-24 (n = 77) | 31.4 | 33.0 | 11.1 | 19.4 | ||
25-34 (n = 207) | 42.0 | 40.1 | 66.7 | 45.2 | 0.029 | 0.017 |
35+ (n = 175) | 26.6 | 26.3 | 22.2 | 35.5 | ||
Mother's Nationality (%) (n = 658) | ||||||
South African (n = 435) | 66.1 | 65.3 | 59.3 | 87.1 | 0.033 | 0.517 |
Mozambican (n = 223) | 33.9 | 34.7 | 40.7 | 12.9 | ||
Mother's Education (%) (n = 625) | ||||||
None (n = 83) | 13.3 | 13.3 | 23.0 | 3.5 | ||
< completed secondary (n = 381) | 62.6 | 62.3 | 69.2 | 62.1 | 0.078 | 0.089 |
Secondary & Tertiary (n = 191) | 24.2 | 24.4 | 7.7 | 34.5 | ||
Mother Union Status (%) (n = 671) | ||||||
Currently in union (n = 320) | 47.7 | 48.2 | 39.3 | 45.2 | 0.626 | 0.356 |
Not in union (n = 351) | 52.3 | 51.2 | 60.7 | 54.8 | ||
Mother co-residence (n = 671) | ||||||
Co-residing (n = 650) | 96.9 | 97.2 | 89.3 | 96.8 | 0.062 | 0.018 |
Not co-residing (n = 21) | 3.1 | 2.8 | 10.7 | 3.3 | ||
Delivery place (%) (n = 671) | ||||||
Health facility (n = 568) | 84.7 | 84.2 | 85.7 | 93.6 | 0.362 | 0.824 |
Home (n = 103) | 15.4 | 15.9 | 14.3 | 6.5 | ||
Household Characteristics | ||||||
Household head Age (n = 668) | ||||||
15-34 (n = 74) | 11.1 | 10.8 | 21.4 | 6.5 | ||
35-49 (n = 283) | 42.4 | 41.7 | 50.0 | 48.4 | 0.191 | 0.076 |
50+ years (n = 311) | 46.6 | 47.5 | 28.6 | 45.2 | ||
Household head Sex (n = 668) | ||||||
Male (n = 435) | 65.1 | 66.2 | 50.0 | 58.1 | 0.150 | 0.078 |
Female (n = 233) | 34.9 | 33.8 | 50.0 | 41.9 | ||
Household head Education (n = 603) | ||||||
None (n = 248) | 41.1 | 41.8 | 40.0 | 28.0 | ||
< completed secondary (n = 276) | 45.8 | 45.6 | 52.0 | 44.0 | 0.187 | 0.722 |
Secondary & Tertiary (n = 79) | 13.1 | 12.7 | 8.0 | 28.0 | ||
Relationship to child (n = 663) | ||||||
Parent (n = 283) | 42.7 | 42.9 | 50.0 | 32.3 | ||
Grandparent (n = 297) | 44.8 | 44.7 | 42.9 | 48.4 | 0.546 | 0.623 |
Other (n = 83) | 12.5 | 12.4 | 7.1 | 19.4 | ||
Food Security (n = 629) | ||||||
Enough (n = 503) | 80.0 | 79.2 | 78.6 | 96.7 | 0.064 | 0.940 |
Not enough (n = 126) | 20.0 | 20.8 | 21.4 | 3.3 | ||
SES Tertiles (n = 654) | ||||||
Most poor (n = 218) | 33.3 | 33.3 | 42.9 | 29.0 | ||
Middle (n = 218) | 33.3 | 34.0 | 35.7 | 19.4 | 0.126 | 0.392 |
Least poor (n = 218) | 33.3 | 32.9 | 21.4 | 51.6 | ||
Area of Residence | ||||||
Mainly South African village (n = 621) | 92.6 | 92.1 | 96.4 | 96.8 | 0.461 | 0.406 |
Mainly Mozambican village (n = 50) | 7.5 | 7.8 | 3.6 | 3.2 |