Birth Defect Type | Control group | Treatment group | Total study sample | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Frequency | Percent | Frequency | Percent | Frequency | Percent | |
Abdominal wall defect | 7 | 1.88 | 5 | 1.04 | 12 | 1.40 |
Anencephaly | 9 | 2.41 | 5 | 1.04 | 14 | 1.64 |
Spina bifida | 4 | 1.07 | 2 | 0.41 | 6 | 0.70 |
Brain defect | 28 | 7.51 | 41 | 8.49 | 69 | 8.06 |
Cephalocele | 3 | 0.80 | 8 | 1.66 | 11 | 1.29 |
Eye anomaly | 14 | 3.75 | 22 | 4.55 | 36 | 4.21 |
Microtia | 10 | 2.68 | 23 | 4.76 | 33 | 3.86 |
Congenital heart defect | 32 | 8.58 | 48 | 9.94 | 80 | 9.35 |
Lung hypoplasia | 1 | 0.27 | 2 | 0.41 | 3 | 0.35 |
Esophageal atresia | 3 | 0.80 | 4 | 0.83 | 7 | 0.82 |
Gut anomaly | 2 | 0.54 | 3 | 0.62 | 5 | 0.58 |
Genitalia defect | 13 | 3.49 | 15 | 3.11 | 28 | 3.27 |
Kidney defect | 7 | 1.88 | 23 | 4.76 | 30 | 3.50 |
Talipes | 27 | 7.24 | 31 | 6.42 | 58 | 6.78 |
Polydactyly | 26 | 6.97 | 17 | 3.52 | 43 | 5.02 |
Syndactyly | 10 | 2.68 | 8 | 1.66 | 18 | 2.10 |
Limb reduction defect | 7 | 1.88 | 17 | 3.52 | 24 | 2.80 |
Hip dislocation | 1 | 0.27 | 2 | 0.41 | 3 | 0.35 |
Arthrogryposis | 7 | 1.88 | 4 | 0.83 | 11 | 1.29 |
Axial defect | 10 | 2.68 | 3 | 0.62 | 13 | 1.52 |
Hydrops | 2 | 0.54 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.23 |
Situs inversus | 1 | 0.27 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.12 |
Syndromes | 24 | 6.43 | 17 | 3.52 | 41 | 4.79 |
Minor anomalies | 90 | 24.13 | 143 | 29.61 | 233 | 27.22 |
Other anomalies | 35 | 9.38 | 40 | 8.28 | 75 | 8.76 |