From: Effect of a vitamin/mineral supplement on children and adults with autism
 | Arizona | National Group | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
 | Placebo | Supplement | Placebo | Supplements |
Total Participants | 27 | 26 | 42 | 46 |
Male | 22 (81%) | 25 (96%) | 39 (93%) | 39 (85%) |
Female | 5 (19%) | 1 (4%) | 3 (7%) | 7 (15%) |
Age (years) | 10.5 ± 3.1 | 9.3 ± 3.2 | 9.5 +/- 5.7 | 13.1 +/- 10.0 |
Diagnosis | 74% Autism; 19% Aspergers; 7% PDD/NOS | 96% Autism; 4% Aspergers | 67% Autism 12% Asperger's 21% PDD/NOS | 85% Autism 7% Asperger's 9% PDD/NOS |
Medications | 52% no medication; 8 (30%) psycho-pharmaceuticals - primarily risperdal and clonidine; 4 (15)% CNS stimulants (primarily Concerta); 1 (4%) anti-convulsants; 1 (4%) asthma/allergy medications; 1 (4%) GI medications; 1 (4%) Insulin medications; 2 (7%) blood pressure medications | 42% no medication; 8 (32%) psycho-pharmaceuticals - primarily risperdal and clonidine; 1 (4%) CNS stimulants (Dextrostat); 1 (4%) anti-convulsants; 3 (12%) asthma/allergy medications; 2 (8%) GI meds | 64% no medications; 10 (24%) atypical anti-psychotics (primarily Risperdal); 2 (5%) on CNS stimulants; 3 (7%) on anti-convulsants; 4 (10%) on allergy/asthma medications; 1 (2%) on GI medications | 52% no medications; 14 (30%) atypical anti-psychotics (primarily risperdal); 3 (7%) on CNS stimulants; 7 (15%) on anti-convulsants (primarily Depakote); 6 (13%) on allergy/asthma medications; 1 (2%) on muscle relaxants; 1 (2%) on anti-coagulants |
Special Diets | 67% on regular diet; 3 gluten-free, casein-free diet; 2 reduced dairy; 2 low sugar | 88% on regular diet; 1 gluten-free; 1 reduced gluten; 1 reduced dairy | 76% on regular diet; 11% gluten-free, casein-free diet; 1 reduced gluten and casein diet; 2 milk-free; 1 soy-free 1 Feingold diet | 67% on regular diet; 11% gluten-free, casein-free diet; 15% reduced dairy/gluten/casein; 1 dairy-free; 1 casein-free; 1 gluten-free; 1 low sugar; 1 no red/blue dyes; 1 lactose free; 1 low soy; 1 vegetarian; 1 no eggs |
Nutritional Supplements | None | 1 on fish oil; 3 on melatonin | 5% on fish oil; 1 on melatonin; 1 digestive enzymes; 1 on glucosamine & chondroitin sulfate; 1 on constipation relief | 4% on fish oil; 1 on glutamine; 1 on herbal sleep extract; 1 on multi-nutrient supplement |