Cognitive and psychosocial development of HIV pediatric patients receiving highly active anti-retroviral therapy: a case-control study

Table 3 Perinatal risk factors and cognitive function according to the presence of HIV-related neuroimaging abnormalities (NA).

	HIV patients without NA (n = 15)	p-value	HIV patients with NA (n = 5)	p-value	Control group (n = 40)
Perinatal risk factors
Premature Birth	1 (6.7%)	0.434^†	1 (20.0%)	0.332^†	3 (7.5%)
Low Birth Weight	3 (20.0%)	0.205^†	1 (20.0%)	0.374^†	4 (10.0%)
Hypoxia at Birth	4 (26.7%)	0.004^†	3 (60.0%)	< 0.0001^†	0 (0.0%)
Intelligence Quotient
*General IQ Score**	82.4 ± 18.8	0.432 ^‡	58.8 ± 11.82	0.027 ^‡	78.0 ± 18.2
Normal (85 < IQ≤120)	6 (40.0%)		0 (0.0%)		10 (25.0%)
Mild (70 < IQ≤85)	3 (20.0%)		1 (20.0%)		16 (40.0%)
Moderate (50 < IQ≤70)	6 (40.0%)		2 (40.0%)		13 (32.5%)
Severe (IQ≤50)	0 (0.0%)	0.721^§	2 (40.0%)	0.012^§	1 (2.5%)
*Practical IQ Score**	85.3 ± 22.6	0.306 ^‡	57.6 ± 15.0	0.042 ^‡	78.5 ± 21.6
Normal (85 < IQ≤120)	5 (33.3%)		0 (0.0%)		11 (27.5%)
Mild (70 < IQ≤85)	3 (20.0%)		2 (40.0%)		12 (30.0%)
Moderate (50 < IQ≤70)	7 (46.7%)		2 (40.0%)		16 (40.0%)
Severe (IQ≤50)	0 (0.0%)	0.975^§	1 (20.0%)	0.108^§	1 (2.5%)
*Verbal IQ Score**	80.5 ± 14.9	0.660 ^‡	65.6 ± 14.4	0.083 ^‡	78.4 ± 15.3
Normal (85 < IQ≤120)	6 (40.0%)		0 (0.0%)		12 (30.0%)
Mild (70 < IQ≤85)	4 (30.8%)		1 (20.0%)		12 (30.0%)
Moderate (50 < IQ≤70)	5 (38.5%)		3 (60.0%)		14 (35.0%)
Severe (IQ≤50)	0 (0.0%)	0.848^§	1 (20.0%)	0.066^§	2 (5.0%)

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