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Table 2 Studies examining efficacy or effectiveness of 19F-containing vaccines against 19A carriage

From: Do pneumococcal conjugate vaccines provide any cross-protection against serotype 19A?

Study & location

Vaccine

Vaccine regimen

Age group(s) sampled

Number of Subjects

Number of 19F isolates

Efficacy against 19F

VE or OR

(95% CI or p value)

Number of 19A isolates

Efficacy against 19A

VE or OR

(95% CI or p value)

South Africa [42]: double blind, randomized, efficacy

9vCRM

6,10,14 wk

9 mo

242 (vacc)

239 (ctrl)

19 (vacc)

32 (ctrl)

VE 42%* (p = 0.05)

7 (vacc)

11 (ctrl)

VE 37%* (NS)

Israel [43]: double blind, randomized efficacy

9vCRM

12-24 mo received 2 doses; ≥ 24 mo 1 dose

15-35 mo 36-≥ 48 mo

816 (vacc)

790 (ctrl)

1071 (vacc)

1073 (ctrl)

41 (vacc)

62 (ctrl)

57 (vacc)

52 (ctrl)

OR 0.58 (p = 0.08)

OR 1.11 (p = 0.69)

n.a. = 113 total (all groups combined)

OR 0.60** (p = 0.38)

OR 1.25** (p = 0.56)

US Navajo Apache [21]: double blind, randomized efficacy

7vCRM

2,4,6,12-15 mo (87%)

1-7 y (median 3.3y)

All >12 mo since last dose

468 (vacc)

281 (ctrl)

24 (vacc)

16 (ctrl)

OR 0.89 (0.47-1.72)

12 (vacc)

10 (ctrl)

OR 0.71 (0.30-1.67)

US Navajo Apache [23]: double blind, randomized efficacy

7vCRM

2,4,6,12-15 mo

7 mo

227 (vacc)

226 (ctrl)

2 (vacc)

11 (ctrl)

OR not calculated because "small sample size resulted in non-convergence of model"

10 (vacc)

4 (ctrl)

OR 1.75 (0.41-7.58)

   

12 mo

226 (vacc)

208 (ctrl)

7 (vacc)

8 (ctrl)

 

3 (vacc)

7 (ctrl)

OR 0.38 (0.09-1.57)

   

18 mo

239 (vacc)

219 (ctrl)

18 (vacc)

8 (ctrl)

 

14 (vacc)

10 (ctrl)

OR 1.68 (0.7-4.05)

US Navajo Apache [22]: double blind, randomized efficacy

7vCRM

Infants: 2,4,6, 12-15 mo; 12-23 mo: 2 doses

Unvaccinated children/adults in study households

2048 (vacc)

1376 (ctrl)

29 (vacc)

37 (ctrl)

OR 0.52 (0.31-0.87)

15 (vacc)

23 (ctrl)

OR 0.34 (0.16-0.75)

France [44]: effectiveness

7vCRM

≥ 1 dose

Children w/AOM 6-24 mo (mean 14 mo)

575 (vacc)

1331 (ctrl)

59 (vacc)

178 (ctrl)

24%* (p = 0.06)

50 (vacc)

92 (ctrl)

-26%* (p = 0.2)

Greece [45]: effectiveness

7vCRM

12-23 mo: 2 doses (13%); ≥ 24 mo: 1 dose (85%)

13-76 mo (median 47 mo)

285 (vacc)

582 (ctrl)

24 (vacc)

64 (ctrl)

36%*

3 (vacc)

14 (ctrl)

58%*

  1. *Only case numbers provided in original paper; approximate % VE calculated for this table;
  2. **confidence intervals for odds rations not provided in original publication.
  3. Mo, month; NS; not significant; OR, odds ratio; VE, vaccine efficacy/effectiveness; wk, week; y, year. 7vCRM, 7-valent conjugate vaccine with CRM197 carrier. 9vCRM; 9-valent conjugate vaccine candidate with CRM197 carrier.