TY - JOUR AU - Larzelere, Robert E. AU - Cox, Ronald B. AU - Smith, Gail L. PY - 2010 DA - 2010/02/22 TI - Do nonphysical punishments reduce antisocial behavior more than spanking? a comparison using the strongest previous causal evidence against spanking JO - BMC Pediatrics SP - 10 VL - 10 IS - 1 AB - The strongest causal evidence that customary spanking increases antisocial behavior is based on prospective studies that control statistically for initial antisocial differences. None of those studies have investigated alternative disciplinary tactics that parents could use instead of spanking, however. Further, the small effects in those studies could be artifactual due to residual confounding, reflecting child effects on the frequency of all disciplinary tactics. This study re-analyzes the strongest causal evidence against customary spanking and uses these same methods to determine whether alternative disciplinary tactics are more effective in reducing antisocial behavior. SN - 1471-2431 UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2431-10-10 DO - 10.1186/1471-2431-10-10 ID - Larzelere2010 ER -